Types of Compositions for Use in Music Uniform
Titles
A Manual for Use with AACR2 Chapter 25
2nd, Updated Edition, June 1997
Revised 2002
Final Report of the MLA Working Group on Types
of Compositions
Ann Caldwell, Chair, Jeffrey Earnest, Lynn
Gullickson, Michelle Koth
Introduction to the 2nd,
updated edition ||
Preface to the 1st edition
Additions and changes to this document: 2000 ||
2001 || 2002 ||
2003 || 2004 ||
2005 || 2006 ||
2007 || 2008
Principles of the list
|| Diacritics
|| Use of "double," "triple," etc. in
titles of musical works
Submitting terms for consideration
|| Ordering a print copy of the
list
| A | B
| C | D
| E | F
| G | H
| I | J
| K | L
| M | N
| O | P
| Q | R
| S | T
| U | V
| W | Z
|
The Bibliographic Control Committee of the Music
Library Association decided, following its annual meeting in 1995, to revitalize
the Working Group on Types of Compositions. During this meeting a number
of music catalogers expressed interest in having a number of terms added
to the list as well as having it available electronically via the World Wide
Web. The former members of the working group agreed to pick up where they
left off in 1992 and to update the list.
The list's popularity was evidenced by the number of copies distributed through
the MLA Clearinghouse and by its publication in MLAJ, the Music Library
Association of Japan's newsletter (v.16, no.3). The present updated list
replaces the 1992 edition in its entirety.
The Working Group hopes the music cataloging community continues to find
this a useful addition to its collection of working tools.
Return to Table of Contents
The question of what constitutes the name of
a "type of musical composition" (referred to in this preface as a "generic
title") became especially important to music catalogers with the advent of
AACR2 and its provision that (except when necessary to resolve conflicts)
distinctive titles would not be qualified by medium, numeral, or key, and
that generic titles (with one exception) would be indicated in the plural.
It was consequently very necessary to be able to distinguish between generic
and distinctive titles. Uniform titles could no longer be constructed without
first knowing with which kind of title one was dealing.
Many titles are obviously types of composition, e.g., names of musical forms
or genres (sonata, symphony, concerto), tempo designations (adagio, allegro),
and standard combinations of instruments (trio, quartet). And conversely,
many truly distinctive titles are obviously so, e.g., "Nozze di Figaro,"
"Appalachian Spring." But, it is just as obvious that many titles are ambiguous
and difficult to categorize. Included in this third category are titles that
look like generic titles, but that are not defined in reference sources as
types of musical compositions, e.g., piece or divertissement. Some of these
terms may be treated as types of composition if they are so used by enough
composers; others may not. Deciding what language to use further complicates
the decision. If a type of composition has cognates in English, French, German,
and Italian, the accepted English form (even if adopted from another of these
languages) is used, regardless of how the composer spelled it. For instance
"symphony" is used, not symphonie, Sinfonie, or sinfonia; thus, the cataloger
must know if the term is generic in order to know what language to use. For
those types of compositions without cognates in the four languages, one must
ascertain what language the composer originally used and the plural in that
language. For instance, the cataloger would use "piece" for works of an American
composer and "Fantasien" for works of a German composer (assuming those were
the terms originally used by the composers)
Music catalogers have been dealing with these incongruities for quite some
time. Some specific problems have been addressed by the Library of Congress
through rule interpretations and music cataloging decisions, but LC has not
made a thorough-going attack on the problem. For instance, "composition"
and "piece" were deemed types of compositions because they were definitely
not distinctive and were used by many composers. "Composition," having cognates
in the four languages, is used in the English form and plural, but "piece,"
not having cognates in all four languages, is not.
The Bibliographic Control Committee of the Music Library Association decided
to provide some guidance to music catalogers, thus attempting to eliminate
the necessity of each cataloger making his or her own decision on each kind
of title, a practice that has resulted in a multitude of solutions, much
inaction, and a great deal of inconsistency. The Committee charged its
Subcommittee on Descriptive Cataloging (Jennifer Bowen, Chair) to develop
a list of terms that might be considered types of composition and to develop
a research methodology of determining the status of these terms. A working
group of four people (the editors of this publication) was formed to coordinate
a group of volunteers from the membership of MLA who researched the use of
these titles in music reference sources, Library of Congress documentation
(AACR2, Library of Congress Rule Interpretations, and Music Cataloging
Decisions), the Library of Congress Name Authority File, and LC MARC cataloging.
The working group then checked and refined this research, using the above
tools (in particular the Terminorum Musicae Index Septem Linguis
Redactus), the result of which was the list of generic and distinctive
titles that was published in the November 1989 issue of the Music Cataloging
Bulletin. The decision was then made to expand the list with new terms and
to created an extensive alphabetical list that would include explanations
of the use of certain terms, scope notes, all distinctive terms that might
be considered generic, and cognates of the generic titles in six major European
languages (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Russian), as well
as selected terms in other languages. What you have before you is the result
of this process.
Return to Table of Contents
The following list of terms that are either
"types of compositions" or "distinctive titles" (AACR2 Rev. 25.27A1, footnote
10) includes equivalent terms in English, French, German, Italian, Russian,
Spanish, and in some cases, Czech, Dutch, Hungarian, Latin, and Polish. The
list is not exhaustive.
Terms identified as "types" and their plurals are listed in boldface type,
followed by the designation "Type" and language. These terms should be used
in the plural if a composer has written more than one composition of that
type. If a term is followed by a note beginning "use..." and has no plural
listed, it is a cognate of another term, and the cataloger should refer to
that term to determine its usage.
Terms that are "distinctive" are given only in the singular, followed by
the designation "Distinctive" in boldface type and language.
Many terms include a brief explanation of their usage. It is essential to
read this information before constructing a uniform title.
When available, LCCN's and LCNAF numbers are included as illustrations of
the use of the terms. Users of this list are cautioned against making decisions
based solely on these examples.
The list must be used in conjunction with accepted cataloging tools:
Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd ed., Rev. (AACR2) and Library
of Congress Rule Interpretations (LCRIs). Throughout this list there are
many references to elements contained in these tools. To facilitate use of
the list, excerpts from the most frequently cited are included below.
Neither this list, nor the excerpts below, are substitutes for cataloging
tools.
1. LCRI 25.27A
All modifiers other than medium or numeral make the phrase a distinctive
title--no matter how common sounding it is.
2. LCRI 25.27A1, footnote 10
When a composer uses a word which is normally the name of a type of composition
as the title of a work which is definitely not a work of the type designated
by the word, do not consider the title to be the name of a type of composition.
3. LCRI 25.29A (Liturgical titles)
Give Latin liturgical titles (e.g., "Gloria," "Salve,"
"Te Deum") in the singular. Exception: Use "Magnificats" and "Requiems" when
appropriate. Apply 25.30B1, and do not normally include a statement of medium
of performance.
4. 25.30A1 (Combination terms)
Combination terms ("Theme and variations," "Prelude and fugue") do not appear
on this list and are addressed in 25.30A1: if the initial title element consists
solely of the name of a type, or of two or more types, make additions to
it as instructed in 25.30B-25.30E (use the original language). From the
Music Cataloging Bulletin v. 13, no. 9, 4th question under LC
correspondence: All titles consisting of the names of two or more types of
compositions do not qualify as cognate forms to be converted to the accepted
English forms of name in accordance with 25.29A1 which limits such conversions
to titles consisting solely of the name of one type of composition. Such
titles will, however, require a statement of medium of performance in accordance
with 25.30B1.
5. 25.29A1 (Cognates)
If the initial title element resulting from the application of 25.27 and
25.28 consists solely of the name of one type of composition, use the accepted
English form of name if there are cognate forms in English, French, German,
and Italian, or if the same name is used in all these languages. Give the
name in the plural (this may be a non-English plural form, e.g., divertimenti)
unless the composer wrote only one work of the type.
Return to Table of Contents
Several diacritics are not available as text,
only as images, in Web format. When a term includes a diacritic that is not
available, the affected letters in the term will be linked to its image in
this section of the document.
-
These two letters should have a ligature
over them.
-
These two letters should have a ligature over them.
-
These two letters should have a ligature
over them.
-
These two letters should have a ligature
over them.
-
This letter should have a breve over it.
-
These letters should have a ligature over
them.
-
This letter should have a superior dot over it.
-
There should be a double
acute (not available as an image) over the letter from which this is
linked. A double acute can appear over these letters in the following languages
appearing in this document:
° Hungarian: o, u
-
There should a hacek (not
available as an image) over the letter from which this is linked. A hacek
can appear over these letters in the following languages appearing in this
document:
° Czech: s, t, z
-
There should be a miagkii
znak (not available as an image) at the apostrophe (representing the
miagkii znak) from which this is linked. The miagkii znak occupies a space
rather than appearing over a letter. A miagkii znak can appear in the following
languages appearing in this document:
° Russian
-
This should be a slash lower
case L (not available as an image) at the lower case L from which this
is linked. A slash L can appear in the following languages appearing in this
document:
° Polish
Return to Table of Contents
Use of "double,"
"triple," etc. in titles of musical works
" ... it would be a mistake to try to draw any
hard and fast conclusions about the treatment of words like "double," "triple,"
etc. in titles of musical works, since they may have various meanings. In
the case of "double concertos," etc., we felt the need for a Music Cataloging
Decision because in the past honest differences of opinion had led to
inconsistent results. Those who feel that "Double concerto" should not be
treated as distinctive argue that "double" implies medium of performance
and hence should be omitted from the initial title element under 25.28A,
while the majority feel that this is stretching the meaning of "statement
of medium of performance" too far. These differences of opinion still exist,
but now that we have agreed on a policy and stated it in an MCD we may expect
to have more consistency... Titles like "Double quartet" present a rather
different situation. Ordinarily a double concerto is indeed a type of concerto,
but a double quartet is not a quartet but an octet. Therefore we have never
hesitated to treat such titles as distinctive. On the other hand, we seem
to have been consistent in treating "Double fugue" as the name of a type
of composition... Obviously "double" has an entirely different meaning in
this case, one which has no medium-of-performance implications at all. Hence
none of us seem to have given serious consideration to treating "double fugue"
as distinctive. These different uses of the words "double," "triple," etc.,
really have little relation to one another, and it would be a mistake, I
believe, to try to make any general statement about the use of such words
in uniform titles..."
Communication from Richard Hunter, Mar. 7, 1991; used with permission. This
represents Richard Hunter's personal opinion and is not an official Library
of Congress statement.
Return to Table of Contents
Do you have a term or title that is being treated
inconsistently or about which you are uncertain? Feel free to submit new
terms or titles for consideration to Mickey Koth by email
(mickey.koth@yale.edu) or US mail
(Yale Music Library, PO Box 208240, New Haven, CT 06520-8240). Any supporting
citations or documentation you can provide will be appreciated.
-
Abanera
-
(Italian); use
habanera.
-
Abertura
-
(Spanish); use
overture.
-
Adagietto/Adagiettos
-
TYPE (Italian) LCCN 85-755458
-
Adagio/Adagios
-
TYPE (Italian) LCNAF n90-716174
-
Agnus Dei
-
TYPE (Latin); liturgical (see
note 3); fifth item of Ordinary of Mass. LCNAF
n2001-63695
-
Aire/Aires
-
TYPE (English)
-
Air/Airs
-
TYPE (English); a vocal or instrumental
tune. LCCN 85-754672
-
Album leaf
-
DISTINCTIVE (English)
-
Albumblatt
-
DISTINCTIVE (German) LCNAF n95-9104
-
Albumblad
-
DISTINCTIVE LCCN 93-701574
-
Albumleaf
-
DISTINCTIVE (English)
-
Allegretto/Allegrettos
-
TYPE (Italian) LCNAF n88-643389
-
Allegro/Allegros
-
TYPE (Italian) LCNAF n90-666998
-
Alleluia
-
DISTINCTIVE
-
Alleluja
-
DISTINCTIVE
-
Alleluya
-
DISTINCTIVE; LCCN 95-750144
-
Allemande/Allemandes
-
TYPE (French, German); use this
form when it is the composer's original title; see also
almain, almaine,
alman. LCCN 91-750145
-
Almain/Almains
-
TYPE (English); use this form
when it is the composer's original title; see also
allemande, almaine,
alman.
-
Almaine/Almaines
-
TYPE (English); use this form
when it is the composer's original title; see also
allemande, almaine,
alman.
-
Alman/Almans
-
TYPE (English); use this form
when it is the composer's original title; see also
allemande, almain,
almaine. LCCN 90-751329
-
Andante/Andantes
-
TYPE (Italian) LCNAF n81-81233
-
Andantino/Andantinos
-
TYPE (Italian) LCNAF n86-867322
-
Anglaise/Anglaises
-
TYPE (English, French, German); a late
Baroque dance movement in a harpsichord or orchestra suite; also used loosely
to refer to any of the English dance types popular during the late 17th century;
use for anglez, inglesa, inglese.
-
Anglez
-
(Russian); use
anglaise.
-
Anthem/Anthems
-
TYPE (English); a choral setting (in English)
of a religious or moral text; frequently used as a collective uniform title.
Do not include medium of performance when the anthem is for chorus, with
or without instrumental accompaniment, as it is the implied medium, LCCN
96-706257. Include medium of performance in all other cases, LCNAF n87-139957
-
Antifon
-
DISTINCTIVE (Russian)
-
Antifona
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian)
-
Antífona
-
DISTINCTIVE (Hungarian, Spanish)
-
Antiphon
-
DISTINCTIVE (English, German) LCCN
82-761300
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Arabesca
-
(Italian, Spanish); use
arabesque.
-
Arabesco
-
(Spanish); use
arabesque.
-
Arabeska
-
(Russian); use
arabesque.
-
Arabeske
-
(German); use
arabesque.
-
Arabesque/Arabesques
-
TYPE (English, French); use for
arabesca, arabesco, arabeska, Arabeske. LCNAF n81-82730
-
Aria/Arias
-
TYPE (English, French, Hungarian, Italian,
Spanish); use for Arie, ariia. LCCN
90-751615
-
Arie
-
(German); use
aria
-
Arieta
-
(Spanish); use
arietta.
-
Arietta/Ariettas
-
TYPE (English, German, Italian, Russian);
use for arieta, ariette. LCCN 85-753723
-
Ariette
-
(French, German); use
arietta.
-
Ariia
-
(Russian); use
aria.
-
Arioso/Ariosos
-
TYPE (English); a piece in a songlike
style; use for vocal and instrumental works and short arias so titled not
part of a larger recitative. LCCN 87-753030
-
Armonia
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian) LCCN 96-702694
-
Armonía
-
DISTINCTIVE (Spanish)
-
Aubade/Aubades
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Spanish); a piece of morning music; counterpart of serenade or nocturne;
use for Aube. Note: Poulenc's Aubade is considered to be distinctive.
See LCRI 25.27A1, footnote 10. LCNAF
n91-101570
-
Aube
-
(Hungarian); use
aubade.
-
Ave Maria
-
TYPE (Latin); liturgical (see
note 3); LCNAF no 98019175
-
Ayre/Ayres
-
TYPE (English); LCCN 95-704833
-
Return to Table of Contents
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Bagatela
-
(Spanish); use
bagatelle.
-
Bagatell
-
(Hungarian); use
bagatelle.
-
Bagatella
-
(Italian); use
bagatelle.
-
Bagatelle/Bagatelles
-
TYPE (English, French, German); use
for bagatela, bagatell, bagatella. LCNAF n81-133634
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Balada/Baladas
-
TYPE (Russian, Spanish); vocal work;
do not confuse with ballata; for instrumental baladas use
ballade.
-
Ballad/Ballads
-
TYPE (English); type of folksong. LCNAF
n78-23530
-
Ballada
-
(Hungarian, Russian); use
ballade for instrumental works so
named.
-
Ballade/Ballades
-
TYPE (English, French, German); vocal
work; form fixe of 14th- to 15th-century France; also an instrumental piece
in narrative style; do not confuse with the
instrumental ballade. LCNAF
n82-80087
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Ballade/Ballades
-
TYPE (English, French, German); an
instrumental work (usually for piano) in a narrative style; do not
confuse with the vocal ballade; use for
instrumental works titled balada, ballada, ballata. LCNAF n85-72077
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Ballata/Ballatas
-
TYPE (Italian); Italian dance song; do
not confuse with balada; for instrumental ballatas use
ballade. LCNAF n79-31582
-
Ballett/Balletts
-
TYPE (English); a late 16th-/early
17th-century English part-song using nonsense refrains. Use for works
of English origin or influence.
-
Balletto/Balletti
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TYPE (Italian); a 15th-century Italian
dance; a late 16th-/early 17th-century Italian part-song using nonsense refrains;
use for works of Italian origin or influence; a late 16th-century
Italian instrumental dance. LCNAF n89-631472
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Barcarola
-
(Spanish); use
barcarolle.
-
Barcarole
-
(English, German); use
barcarolle.
-
Barcarolle/Barcarolles
-
TYPE (French); use for barcarola,
barcarole, barcaruola, barkarola. LCNAF n79-68400
-
Barcaruola
-
(Italian); use
barcarolle.
-
Barkarola
-
(Hungarian, Russian); use
barcarolle.
-
Basdans
-
(Russian); use basse
danse
-
Bassa danza
-
(Italian); use basse
danse
-
Bassadanza
-
(Italian); use basse
danse
-
Basse danse
-
TYPE (English, French, Spanish); the
principal court dance during the late Middle Ages and Renaissance; use
for bassa danza, bassadanza, basdans.
-
Beguine/Beguines
-
TYPE (English, German, Italian, Spanish);
a social dance popular in Europe and American from the 1930s, with a rhythm
similar to that of the bolero; use for béguine, bigin, biguine.
LCNAF nr00-36825
-
Béguine
-
(French); use
beguine.
-
Berceuse/Berceuses
-
TYPE (French); a quiet song in triple
meter or a character piece for instruments. LCNAF n87-826083
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Bicinium/Bicinia
-
TYPE (Latin); a two-voice work for voices,
instruments, or keyboard. Generally used as a collective uniform title. LCCN
92-753341
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Bigin
-
(Spanish); use
beguine.
-
Biguine
-
(Spanish); use
beguine.
-
Boceto
-
DISTINCTIVE (Spanish)
-
Bolero/Boleros
-
TYPE (English, German, Hungarian, Italian,
Russian, Spanish) LCNAF n81-22437
-
Boléro
-
(French); use
bolero.
-
Boree
-
(English); use
bourrée.
-
Bossa nova
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Portuguese)
LCNAF no98-40808
-
Bourrée/Bourrées
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Spanish); use for boree, burre. LCNAF n94-111318
-
Boutade
-
TYPE (French); 18th-century term for
a dance or whole ballet in a fanciful and playful style; the name given to
an improvised piece of instrumental music, which, if written down, would
have been given the title caprice or fantaisie; use for butada. LCNAF
no98-55664
-
Brano da concerto
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian)
-
Burlesca
-
(Italian, Spanish); use
burlesque.
-
Burleska
-
(Russian); use
burlesque.
-
Burleske
-
(German); use
burlesque.
-
Burlesque/Burlesques
-
TYPE (English, French); use for
burlesca, burleska, Burleske, burleszk. LCNAF n82-271068
-
Burleszk
-
(Hungarian); use
burlesque.
-
Burre
-
(Russian); use
Bourrée.
-
Butada
-
(Russian); use
Boutade.
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Return to Table of Contents
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Cadence
-
(French); use
cadenza when used as the title of an independent
work.
-
Cadencia
-
(Spanish); use
cadenza when used as the title of an independent
work.
-
Cadenza/Cadenzas
-
TYPE (English, Italian); use as
a type only when applied to the title of an independent work; not considered
a type of composition when applied to cadenzas within concertos; use for
Cadence, Cadencia, Kadenz. LCNAF n 8263348. Also used as a collective title
for collections of a composer's cadenzas written to accompany three or more
separate concertos, etc., by the same or other composers. LCCN
86751371>
-
Cancion/Canciones
-
TYPE (Spanish); use only for
collections specifically titled by the composer, (e.g., Revueltas, Silvestre.
[Canciónes, orchestra acc.]) See song for
treatment; LCCN 91-762420
-
Cançoneta
-
(Portuguese); use
canzonetta.
-
Canon/Canons
-
TYPE (English, French, Spanish); use
for canone, Kanon, kánon. LCNAF n90-604188
-
Canone
-
(Italian); use
canon.
-
Cantabile/Cantabiles
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Russian, Spanish); use for Kantabile. LCNAF n81-24681
-
Cantata/Cantatas
-
TYPE (English, Italian); usually used
as a collective uniform title; use for cantate, Kantate. LCNAF n81-14379;
LCNAF n92-54003
-
Cantate
-
(French); use
cantata (for collective uniform titles only)
-
Canticle/Canticles
-
TYPE (English); used as a type for vocal
works only; use for cantico, cántico, Canticum, cantique, kantikum.
LCNAF n79-121995
-
Cantico
-
(Italian); use
canticle.
-
Cántico
-
(Spanish); use
canticle.
-
Canticum
-
(German); use
canticle.
-
Cantiga/Cantigas
-
TYPE (Spanish); a medieval Iberian monophonic
song; generally used as a collective uniform title; use for
kantiga.
-
Cantilena
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian) LCCN 86-755421
-
Cantilène
-
DISTINCTIVE (French) LCCN 86-750118
-
Cantione
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian)
-
Cantique
-
(French); use
canticle.
-
Canto
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian, Spanish) LCCN
91-754106
-
Cantus
-
DISTINCTIVE (Latin) LCCN 86-751532
-
Canzon
-
(Italian); alternate spelling of canzona;
use canzona.
-
Canzona/Canzonas
-
TYPE (English, Italian, Spanish); originally
a Provençal troubadour song; later, a piece of 16th-century Italian
secular music, 16th- to 17th-century instrumental work; in this usage, not
a cognate of canzone; use canzona when a work of this type was originally
titled canzone. LCNAF n87-110288
-
Canzone/Canzoni
-
TYPE (Italian); an 18th- and 19th-century
song-like work for voice or instruments. In this usage, not a cognate of
canzona. See song for treatment. Also, an alternate
spelling of canzona above; use canzona for
a work of this type.
-
Canzonet/Canzonets
-
TYPE (English); late 16th-century English
part-song; use for works of English origin or influence. LCNAF
n81-5621
-
Canzoneta
-
(Spanish); use
canzonetta.
-
Canzonetta/Canzonettas
-
TYPE (English, Italian); late 16th-century
Italian part-song; also used for solo songs and instrumental pieces of a
songlike nature; use for cançoneta, canzoneta, canzonette,
kantsonetta, Kanzonette. LCNAF n89-646645
-
Canzonette
-
(French, German); use
canzonetta.
-
Capriccetto/Capriccetti
-
TYPE (English) LCNAF no98-46131
-
Capriccio/Capriccios
-
TYPE (English, German, Italian);
use this form when it is the composer's original title; do not use
caprice unless the composer specified it as the original title; use for
capricho, kaprichchio. LCNAF n86-860139
-
Caprice/Caprices
-
TYPE (English, French); use this
form when it is the composer's original title; do not use capriccio unless
the composer specified it as the original title; use for capricho,
kaprichchio. LCNAF n81-22436
-
Capricette/Capricetten
-
TYPE (German) LCCN 79-771124
-
Capricho
-
(Spanish); use
capriccio or caprice depending
on composer's original title.
-
Carol/Carols
-
TYPE (English) LCNAF n87-130699
-
Casación
-
(Spanish); use
cassation.
-
Cassation/Cassations
-
TYPE (English, French); use for
casación, cassazione, Kassation,
kassatsiia. LCCN
82-772616
-
Cassazione
-
(Italian); use
cassation.
-
Catch/Catches
-
TYPE (English); an English round for
3 voices; generally used as a collective uniform title. LCCN 89-751455
-
Cavatina/Cavatinas
-
TYPE (English, Italian, Spanish); originally
signified a short opera aria; now an aria-like vocal piece or a song-like
instrumental work; use for independent works titled as such, not for
individual cavatinas within operas; use for cavatine, kavatina, Kavatine.
LCNAF n94-71214
-
Cavatine
-
(French); use
cavatina.
-
Chacona
-
(Spanish); use
chaconne.
-
Chaconne/Chaconnes
-
TYPE (English, French, German); use
for chacona, chakona, ciaccona. LCNAF n84-162660
-
Chakona
-
(Russian); use
chaconne.
-
Chamber concerto
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 83-752805
-
Chamber sonata
-
DISTINCTIVE (English)
-
Chanson/Chansons
-
TYPE (French); a term meaning song in
all its uses; spanning a wide range of periods and genres from the
troubadour/trouvère repertoires through the secular polyphony of the
14th to 16th centuries to the art song of the 19th and 20th centuries and
folk and popular song of all eras. See song for
treatment. Use for miscellaneous sets, e.g. Le Jeune, Claude. [Chansons.
Selections] or specific collections, e.g., Ravel, Maurice. [Chansons. Nicolette],
Janequin, Clément. [Chansons (1528). Réveillez vous, cueurs
endormis]; apply LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10 to
instrumental works. LCNAF n92-188
-
Chast'/Chasti
-
TYPE (Russian); for "movement".
Use for an independent work titled as such, not for individual movements
of a larger work; see also mouvement,
movimento, movimiento,
Satz, tétel.
-
Chœur
-
(French); use
chorus.
-
Chor
-
(German); use
chorus.
-
Choral
-
(French, German); use
chorale.
-
Chorale/Chorales
-
TYPE (English); use for Choral,
coral, corale, khoral. LCNAF n87-810276
-
Chorale prelude/Chorale
preludes
-
TYPE (English); use this form
when it is the composer's original title; apply 25.30B1a: do not add a statement
of medium of performance if the medium is implied by the title. Implied medium:
organ; see also Choralvorspiel,
prélude de choral. LCNAF n95-70817
-
Choralvorspiel/Choralvorspiele;
Choral-Vorspiel/Choral-Vorspiele
-
TYPE (German); use this form when
it is the composer's original title;apply 25.30B1a: do not add a statement
of medium of performance if the medium is implied by the title. Implied medium:
organ; see also chorale prelude,
prélude de choral. LCNAF
n88-642589
-
Chorinho/Chorinhos
-
TYPE (Spanish); various meanings in Brazilian
popular music, generically denoting urban instrumental ensemble music, often
with one group member as a soloist, consisted mostly of dances of European
origin performed at popular festivities; use this form when it is
the composer's original title; see also
choro.
-
Choro/Choros
-
TYPE (Spanish); various meanings in Brazilian
popular music, generically denoting urban instrumental ensemble music, often
with one group member as a soloist, consisted mostly of dances of European
origin performed at popular festivities; use this form when it is
the composer's original title; see also
chorinho.
-
Chorus/Choruses
-
TYPE (English); use for Chor,
chœur, coro, khor. LCNAF n 84012213
-
Chotis
-
(Spanish); use
ecossaise.
-
Ciaccona
-
(Italian); use
chaconne.
-
Ciciliano
-
(Italian); use
siciliana.
-
Composición
-
(Spanish); use
composition.
-
Composition/Compositions
-
TYPE (English, French); usually used
in reference to the process of creating a musical work: also used as a title
for an independent work; use for composición, composizione,
Komposition,
kompozitsiia.
LCNAF n88-667940
-
Composizione
-
(Italian); use
composition.
-
Concert piece
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 86-754853
-
Concertant
-
(French); use
concertante.
-
Concertante/Concertantes
-
TYPE (English, Italian, Spanish); use
for concertant, Konzertant. LCNAF n84-191693
-
Concertino/Concertinos
-
TYPE (Italian) LCNAF n88-643187
-
Concerto/Concertos
-
TYPE (English, French, Italian); use
for concierto, kontsert, Konzert. LCNAF
n87-801353
-
Concerto da camera
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian) LCCN 89-755372
-
Concerto grosso/Concerti grossi
-
TYPE (Italian) LCNAF n87-803133
-
Concertone/Concertoni
-
TYPE (English); a rarely-used term meaning
"large concerto," the form closely approximates the symphonie concertante;
use for Konchertone, Konzertone.
-
Concertpiece
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 89-751073
-
Concertstück
-
DISTINCTIVE (German) LCNAF
n88-669977
-
Concierto
-
(Spanish); use
concerto.
-
Conductus
-
TYPE (Latin); a medieval vocal work for
one or more voices; usually used as a collective uniform title.
-
Contradanza
-
(Italian, Spanish); use
country dance.
-
Contredanse
-
(French); use
country dance.
-
Coral
-
(Spanish); use
chorale.
-
Corale
-
(Italian); use
chorale.
-
Corant/Corants
-
TYPE (English); use this form
when it is the composer's original title; see also
corrente, courante. LCCN
91-750145
-
Coro
-
(Italian, Spanish); use
chorus.
-
Corrente/Correnti
-
TYPE (Italian); use this form
when it is the composer's original title; see also
corant, courante.
-
Country dance/Country
dances
-
TYPE (English); use for contradanza,
contredanse, kontrans, kontratánc, Kontretänze. LCNAF
n85-205408
-
Cortège/Cortèges
-
Type (English, French) LCCN
96-703525
-
Courante/Courantes
-
TYPE (French); use this form when
it is the composer's original title; see also
corant, corrente. LCCN
84-757437
-
Cracoviak
-
DISTINCTIVE (French)
-
Cracoviana
-
DISTINCTIVE (Spanish)
-
Cracovienne
-
DISTINCTIVE (French)
-
Credo
-
TYPE (Latin); liturgical (see
note 3); third item in the Ordinary of Mass.
-
Csárdás
-
(French); use
czarda.
-
Cuadrilla
-
(Spanish); use
quadrille.
-
Cuarteto
-
(Spanish); use
quartet.
-
Czardas/Czardas
-
TYPE (Hungarian); use for
csárdás. LCNAF n81-79430
-
Return to Table of Contents
-
Dal/Dalok
-
TYPE (Hungarian); use as a type only when
applied to vocal works; see song for treatment; apply
LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10 when applied to instrumental
works. LCNAF n91-35082
-
Dance/Dances
-
TYPE (English); use for danse,
danza, tánc,
tanets, taniec, Tanz. LCNAF n82-101545
-
Danse
-
(French); use
dance.
-
Danza/Danzas
-
TYPE (Spanish); the particular genre
of salon music for piano developed in Puerto Rico in the late 19th and early
20th centuries. Do not translate to "dance" in the uniform title; for all
others, use dance. LCNAF n88-632472
-
Danza
-
(Italian); when danza refers to the particular
genre of salon music for piano developed in Puerto Rico in the late 19th
and early 20th centuries, use Danza and do not
translate to "dance" in the uniform title; for all others, use
dance.
-
Danzón
-
DISTINCTIVE (Spanish); Cuban dance form;
do not translate to "dance" in uniform title.
-
Darab/Darabok
-
TYPE (Hungarian); for "piece"; usually
refers to a complete piece of music; use this form when it is the
composer's original title; see also morceau,
p'esa,
pezzo, piece,
pièce, pieza,
skladba, Stück,
stuk, utwór. LCNAF
n85-244066
-
Decimino
-
(Italian); use
dixtuor
-
Detsimet
-
(Russian); use
dixtuor
-
Dezett
-
(German); use
dixtuor
-
Dialog
-
DISTINCTIVE (German, Russian) LCNAF
n00-065837
-
Dialogo
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian) LCCN 90-753421
-
Diálogo
-
DISTINCTIVE (Spanish)
-
Dialogue
-
DISTINCTIVE (English, French) LCCN
93-723239
-
Diptych
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 88-771082
-
Dirge
-
DISTINCTIVE (English); a mournful song
for burial or memorial rites or an instrumental piece expressive of similar
sentiments. LCNAF n90-712561
-
Diversion
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 84-759886
-
Divertimento/Divertimenti
-
TYPE (English, German, Hungarian, Italian,
Spanish); use for divertisment, divertissement (instrumental works
only). LCNAF n85-204057
-
Divertisment
-
(Russian); use
divertimento (for instrumental works). Also a
type of 17th- to 18th-century French musical-dramatic entertainment. When
found in this context do not use divertimento.
-
Divertissement
-
(French); use
divertimento (for instrumental works).
-
Division/Divisions
-
TYPE (English); a 17th-century English
technique of improvised variation over a ground, written out for didactic
or performance purposes; treatment as a type is not limited to 17th-century
works; see also divisions on a ground. LCNAF
n 2003080154
-
Divisions on a
ground
-
TYPE (English); a 17th-century English
technique of improvised variation over a ground, written out for didactic
or performance purposes; use this form when the composer's original
title includes the phrase "on a ground"; treatment as a type is not limited
to 17th-century works; see also division.
LCNAF no 98001401
-
Dixit Dominus
-
DISTINCTIVE (Latin) LCNAF n81-63055
-
Dixtuor
-
TYPE (English, French); a work for ten
players; use for decimino, detsimet,
Dezett. LCCN 99-387112
-
Doble fuga
-
(Spanish); use
double fugue.
-
Doppelfuge
-
(German); use
double fugue.
-
Doppelquartett
-
DISTINCTIVE (German) LCCN 84-755180
-
Double concerto
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 88-753679
-
Double
fugue/Double fugues
-
TYPE (English, French); use for
doble fuga, Doppelfuge, dupla fúga,
dvoinaia fuga, fuga doble, fuga doppia,
kettos fúga. LCCN 88-751515
-
Double
quartet/Double quartets
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 89-753518
-
Duet/Duets
-
TYPE (English); use for dueto,
Duett, duetto, duo, kettos. LCNAF
n81-104396
-
Dueto
-
(Spanish); use
duet.
-
Duett
-
(German, Hungarian); use
duet.
-
Duettino/Duettinos
-
TYPE (Italian); diminutive of duetto;
a short and/or concise vocal or instrumental duet; use the plural
form Duettini when it appears as 1) part of a heading including another type
(e.g., Soli e duettini, guitars (2) (LCNAF no98-45667)) or as 2) a distinctive
title for what are actually trios (n96-22971). LCNAF n97-58509
-
Duetto
-
(Italian); use
duet.
-
Dumka/Dumkas
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Russian, Spanish); a type of Ukrainain folk music whose name was adopted
in Slavonic countries in the 19th century as a term for a sung lament and
later as an instrumental piece. LCCN 89-751432
-
Dumky
-
(English); plural form of dumka; use
dumkas.
-
Duo
-
(Italian); use
duet.
-
Duo concertante
-
DISTINCTIVE when a 20th-century work.
Apply LCRI 25.28: for pre-20th-century works with titles such as duo concertant,
quartetto concertant, etc, (but not titles naming a form, such as sinfonie
concertante, rondeau concertante, etc.) consider the word "concertante" or
its equivalent to be an adjective or epithet not part of the original title
of the work and omit it from the uniform title. For treatment of duo,
see duet.
-
Dupla fúga
-
(Hungarian); use
double fugue.
-
Dvoinaia fuga
-
(Russian); use
double fugue.
-
Return to Table of Contents
-
Ecossaise/Ecossaises
-
TYPE (English, Hungarian); use for
chotis, écossaise, escocesa, Schottische, scozzese. LCNAF
n85-296650
-
Écossaise
-
(French); use
Ecossaise.
-
Ejercicio/Ejercicios
-
TYPE (Spanish); treat as a type of
composition when the term is used to mean "study," "etude," etc. LCCN
86-752547
-
Eksprompt
-
(Russian); use
impromptu.
-
Elegia
-
(Italian); use elegy
(for instrumental works only); distinctive title for non-instrumental
works.
-
Élégie
-
(French); use elegy
(for instrumental works only); distinctive title for non-instrumental
works.
-
Elegie
-
(German); use elegy
(for instrumental works only); distinctive title for non-instrumental
works.
-
Elegiia
-
(Russian); use elegy
(for instrumental works only); distinctive title for non-instrumental
works.
-
Elegy/Elegies
-
TYPE (English); for instrumental works
only; see MCB v. 17, no. 8, p. 9: "for non-instrumental works, treat
composer's original title as distinctive." Use for elegia, Elegie,
élégie, elegiia. LCNAF
n82-3090
-
Entr'acte/Entr'actes
-
TYPE (French) LCNAF n79-88086
-
Entrada
-
(Spanish); use
intrada.
-
Entwurf
-
DISTINCTIVE (German)
-
Episode
-
DISTINCTIVE (English, German) LCCN
91-751599
-
Épisode
-
DISTINCTIVE (French)
-
Episodio
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian, Spanish)
-
Epizód
-
DISTINCTIVE (Hungarian) LCCN
86-750155
-
Escocesa
-
(Spanish); use
ecossaise.
-
Esercizio/Esercizi
-
TYPE (Italian); treat as a type of
composition when the term is used to mean "study," "etude," etc. LCNAF
n97-95126
-
Eskiz
-
DISTINCTIVE (Russian)
-
Esquisse
-
DISTINCTIVE (French) LCCN 91-750527
-
Estudio/Estudios
-
TYPE (Spanish); use this form
when it is the composer's original title. See also
etiud,
etude, étude,
Etüde, studie,
studio, study. LCNAF
n91-124049
-
Etiud/Etiudy
-
TYPE (Russian); use this form
when it is the composer's original title. See also
estudio, etude,
étude, Etüde,
studie, studio,
study. LCNAF n87-810719
-
Etude/Etudes
-
TYPE (English); use this form
when it is the composer's original title. See also
estudio,
etiud,
étude, Etüde,
studie, studio,
study. LCNAF n82-1180
-
Étude/Études
-
TYPE (French); use this form when
it is the composer's original title. See also
estudio,
etiud,
etude, Etüde,
studie, studio,
study.
-
Etüde/Etüden
-
TYPE (German); use this form when
it is the composer's original title. See also
estudio,
etiud,
etude, étude,
studie, studio,
study. LCNAF n87-119084
-
Exercise/Exercises
-
TYPE (English); treat as a type of
composition when the term is used to mean "study," "etude," etc. LCCN
96-706002
-
Return to Table of Contents
-
Fancie
-
(English); use
fancy.
-
Fancy/Fancies
-
TYPE (English); use for fancie,
fansye, phancy, phansie. LCCN 85-753312
-
Fandango/Fandangos
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Spanish, Russian) LCCN 86-755304; LCCN 97-708221
-
Fanfara
-
(Italian, Russian); use
fanfare.
-
Fanfare/Fanfares
-
TYPE (English, French, German); use
for fanfara, fanfarra, fanfarria. LCNAF n88-646761
-
Fanfarra
-
(Spanish); use
fanfare.
-
Fanfarria
-
(Spanish); use
fanfare.
-
Fansye
-
(English); use
fancy.
-
Fantaisie/Fantaisies
-
TYPE (French); use this form when
it is the composer's original title; see also
fantasia (English),
fantasia (Italian),
Fantasie, fantasy,
Phantasie, phantasy. LCNAF
n86-2051
-
Fantasia/Fantasias
-
TYPE (English); use this form
when it is the composer's original title; see also
fantaisie,
fantasia (Italian),
Fantasie, fantasy,
Phantasie, phantasy. LCNAF
n91-43351
-
Fantasia/Fantasie
-
TYPE (Italian); use this form
when it is the composer's original title; see also
fantaisie,
fantasia (English),
Fantasie, fantasy,
Phantasie,
phantasy.
-
Fantasie/Fantasien
-
TYPE (German); use this form when
it is the composer's original title; see also
fantaisie,
fantasia (English),
fantasia (Italian),
fantasy, Phantasie,
phantasy. LCNAF n81-22351
-
Fantasietta/Fantasiettas
-
TYPE (English, Italian)
-
Fantasy/Fantasies
-
TYPE (English); use this form
when it is the composer's original title; see also
fantaisie,
fantasia (English),
fantasia (Italian),
Fantasie, Phantasie,
phantasy. LCNAF n91-43351
-
Feuilles d'album
-
DISTINCTIVE (French) LCCN 85-755495
-
Finale/Finales
-
TYPE (English, German, Italian) LCNAF
n2002-66431
-
Florish
-
(English); use
flourish.
-
Flourish/Flourishes
-
TYPE (English); use for florish.
LCNAF n99-269806
-
Fokstrot
-
(Russian); use
foxtrot.
-
Forlana
-
(German, Italian, Spanish, Russian); use
forlane.
-
Forlane
-
TYPE (English, French); Italian folkdance;
use for forlana, furlana.
-
Fox trot
-
(English); use
foxtrot.
-
Fox-trot
-
(English, French, Spanish); use
foxtrot.
-
Fox-trott
-
(Italian); use
foxtrot.
-
Foxtrot/Foxtrots
-
TYPE (English); 20th-century American
social dance in 4/4; use for fokstrot, fox trot, fox-trot, fox-trott,
Foxtrott. LCNAF n 2004067678
-
Foxtrott
-
(German); use
foxtrot.
-
Fuga
-
(Italian, Russian, Spanish); use
fugue.
-
Fuga doble
-
(Spanish); use
double fugue.
-
Fuga doppia
-
(Italian); use
double fugue.
-
Fugado
-
(Spanish); use
fugato.
-
Fugato/Fugatos
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Hungarian,
Italian, Russian); a fugue-like passage of a larger work that is not a fugue;
or a fugue-like piece that in some way does not conform to the rigorous thematic
and structural methodology of the fugue; use for fugado. LCCN
93-711231
-
Fuge
-
(German); use
fugue.
-
Fugetta
-
(Hungarian, Russian); use
fughetta.
-
Fughetta/Fughettas
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Spanish); a short or light fugue; use for fugetta.
-
Fugue/Fugues
-
TYPE (English, French): use for
fuga, Fuge. LCNAF n87-112259
-
Furiant/Furiants
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Russian, Spanish); an exuberant Bohemian folkdance. LCCN 94-771946
-
Furlana
-
(Spanish, Italian); use
forlane.
-
Return to Table of Contents
-
Gagliarda
-
(Italian); use
galliard.
-
Gaillarde
-
(French, German); use
galliard.
-
Gal'iarda
-
(Russian); use
galliard.
-
Gallarda
-
(Spanish); use
galliard.
-
Galliard/Galliards
-
TYPE (English); use for gagliarda,
gaillarde,
gal'iarda, gallarda.
LCNAF n89-613610
-
Galop/Galops
-
TYPE (English, French, Italian, Russian,
Spanish); use for Galopp. LCCN 87-754637
-
Galopp
-
(German); use
galop.
-
Gavot
-
(Russian); use
gavotte.
-
Gavota
-
(Spanish); use
gavotte.
-
Gavotta
-
(Italian); use
gavotte.
-
Gavotte/Gavottes
-
TYPE (English, French, German); use
for gavot, gavota, gavotta. LCNAF n89-653244
-
Gedichte/Gedichten
-
TYPE (German) LCCN 84-760332;
95-704097
-
Gesang/Gesänge
-
TYPE (German); German song or choral
work; see song for treatment. use for works
of this type in German and only for sets specifically titled by the composer,
e.g.. Becker, Gunther. [Gesang]; Beethoven, Ludwig van. [Gesänge, op.
75]; Kreutzer, Conradin. [Gesänge, men's voices, op. 24] For miscellaneous
collections use "song", e.g. [Songs. Selections]
LCNAF n87-803379
-
Giga
-
(Italian, Spanish); use
gigue.
-
Gigue/Gigues
-
TYPE (English, French, German); use
for giga, jig, Jiga, jigge, zhiga. LCNAF n85-133796
-
Gimno
-
(Russian); use hymn
(for vocal works).
-
Glee/Glees
-
TYPE (English); an English part-song
for three or more voices; usually used as a collective uniform title.
-
Gloria
-
TYPE (Latin); liturgical (see
note 3); second item of Ordinary of Mass. LCNAF
n81-46728
-
Gradual/Graduals
-
TYPE (English, German, Spanish); an item
of the Proper of the Mass; usually used as a collective uniform title. LCCN
85-752240
-
Graduale
-
TYPE (Italian)
-
Graduále
-
TYPE (Hungarian)
-
Graduel
-
TYPE (French)
-
Ground/Grounds
-
TYPE (English) LCCN 97-704067
-
Guajira/Guajiras
-
TYPE (Spanish); a Cuban narrative song
form, usually in 6/8 alternating with 3/4; used as a type for vocal works;
for other works, apply LCRI 25.27A1, footnote 10.
LCNAF n2001-68424
-
Return to Table of Contents
-
Habanera/Habaneras
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Spanish);
use for abanera, khabanera, khavanez, havanaise. LCCN 95-751750
-
Halleluia
-
DISTINCTIVE
-
Halleluja
-
DISTINCTIVE
-
Hallelujah
-
DISTINCTIVE; LCNAF n94-65886
-
Halleluya
-
DISTINCTIVE; LCCN 88-752236
-
Halleluyah
-
DISTINCTIVE
-
Harmonie
-
(French, German); use
harmony.
-
Harmony/Harmonies
-
TYPE (English); use for works
for wind instruments or a small wind band (oboes, horns, bassoons, etc.);
use for harmonie, Harmonie. LCCN 94-704205
-
Havanaise
-
(French); use
habanera.
-
Himno
-
(Spanish); use hymn
(for vocal works)
-
Homage
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 84-755090
-
Hommage
-
DISTINCTIVE (French) LCCN 91-758186
-
Hudba
-
(Czech); use
music.
-
Humoresca
-
(Spanish); use
humoresque.
-
Humoreske
-
(German); use
humoresque.
-
Humoresque/Humoresques
-
TYPE (English, French); use for
humoresca, Humoreske, humoreszk, iumoreska,
umoresca. LCNAF n82-138256
-
Humoreszk
-
(Hungarian); use
humoresque.
-
Hymn/Hymns
-
TYPE (English); for vocal works; usually
used as a collective uniform title; use for gimno, himno, Hymne, inno.
LCNAF n88-608072
-
Hymne
-
(German); use hymn
(for vocal works)
-
Return to Table of Contents
-
Idilio
-
DISTINCTIVE (Spanish)
-
Idillio
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian)
-
Idyla
-
DISTINCTIVE (Czech) LCNAF n83-56929
-
Idyll
-
DISTINCTIVE (English, German) LCNAF
n95-79255
-
Idylle
-
DISTINCTIVE (French)
-
Impromptu/Impromptus
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Hungarian,
Spanish); use for eksprompt. LCNAF n82-106643
-
Improvisación
-
(Spanish); use
improvisation.
-
Improvisation/Improvisations
-
TYPE (English, French, German); use
for improvisación, improvizáció,
improvizálás,
improvizatsiia,
improvvisazione,
rogtonzés;
the Italian "improvviso" and Spanish
"improviso" are not cognates. LCNAF n82-053201
-
Improviso
-
DISTINCTIVE (Spanish)
-
Improvizáció
-
(Hungarian); use
improvisation.
-
Improvizálás
-
(Hungarian); use
improvisation.
-
Improvizatsiia
-
(Russian); use
improvisation.
-
Improvvisazione
-
(Italian); use
improvisation.
-
Improvviso
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian) LCNAF
n92-62414
-
In nomine/In nomines
-
TYPE (Latin) LCNAF n84-21965
-
Induló
-
(Hungarian); use
march.
-
Inglesa
-
(Spanish); use
Anglaise.
-
Inglese
-
(Italian); use
Anglaise.
-
Inno
-
(Italian); use hymn
(for vocal works).
-
Interlude/Interludes
-
TYPE (English, French); use for
interludio, Interludium. LCNAF n82-215308
-
Interludio
-
(Italian, Spanish); use
interlude.
-
Interludium
-
(German); use
interlude.
-
Intermède/Intermèdes
-
TYPE (French); use when this is
the title of a character piece; do not apply this treatment to an independent
stage work whose title begins with or includes the word intermède;
intermèdes that are performed between the acts of a stage work follow
rule 25.32; use for intermedio, intermedium. LCNAF n 2001064780
-
Intermedio
-
(Italian, Spanish); use
intermède.
-
Intermedium
-
(Italian); use
intermède.
-
Intermetstso
-
(Russian); use
intermezzo.
-
Intermezzo/Intermezzi
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Spanish); use for intermetstso,
Zwischenakt. LCNAF n99-269788
-
Intrada/Intradas
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Russian); use for entrada. LCNAF n00-065471
-
Introducción
-
(Spanish); use
introduction.
-
Introduction/Introductions
-
TYPE (English, French); usually used
as the first part of a larger work, although single works with the title
do exist (e.g., Telemann, Georg Philipp. [Introduction, recorders (2), continuo,
C major]); use for introducción, Introduktion,
introduktsiia,
introduzione. LCCN 88-750963
-
Introduktion
-
(German); use
introduction.
-
Introduktsiia
-
(Russian); use
introduction.
-
Introduzione
-
(Italian); use
introduction.
-
Introit/Introits
-
TYPE (English, French, Latin); liturgical
(see note 3); an item of the proper of the Mass;
usually used as a collective uniform title; use for Introitus; LCNAF
no96-53346; distinctive when an instrumental work, LCCN 84-758617
-
Introitus
-
(German, Latin); when a vocal work, use
Introit.
-
Invención
-
(Spanish); use
invention.
-
Invention/Inventions
-
TYPE (English, French, German); use
for invención, invento,
inventsiia,
invenzione. LCNAF n81-134769
-
Invento
-
(Spanish); use
invention.
-
Inventsiia
-
(Russian); use
invention.
-
Invenzione
-
(Italian); use
invention.
-
IUmoreska
-
(Russian); use
humoresque.
-
Return to Table of Contents
-
Jig
-
(English); use
gigue.
-
Jiga
-
(Spanish); use
gigue.
-
Jigge
-
(English); use
gigue.
-
Return to Table of Contents
-
Kadenz
-
(French); use
cadenza when used as the title of an independent
work.
-
Kadril'
-
(Russian); use
quadrille.
-
Kammerkonzert
-
DISTINCTIVE (German) LCCN 85-752917
-
Kammersonate
-
DISTINCTIVE (German) LCNAF n97-27427
-
Kamernaia
sonata
-
DISTINCTIVE (Russian)
-
Kanon
-
(German); use
canon.
-
Kánon
-
(Hungarian); use
canon.
-
Kantabile
-
(Russian); use
cantabile.
-
Kantate
-
(German); use
cantata (for collective uniform titles only).
-
Kantiga
-
(Russian); use
cantiga.
-
Kantikum
-
(Russian); use
canticle.
-
Kantilena
-
DISTINCTIVE (Russian)
-
Kantilene
-
DISTINCTIVE (German)
-
Kantsonetta
-
(Russian); use
canzonetta.
-
Kanzonette
-
(German); use
canzonetta.
-
Kaprichch
-
(Russian); use
caprice.
-
Kaprichchio
-
(Russian); use
capriccio.
-
Kassation
-
(German); use
cassation.
-
Kassatsiia
-
(Russian); use
cassation.
-
Kavatina
-
(Russian); use
cavatina.
-
Kavatine
-
(German); use
cavatina.
-
Kettos
-
(Hungarian); use
duet.
-
Kettos fúga
-
(Hungarian); use
double fugue.
-
Khabanera
-
(Russian); use
habanera.
-
Khavanez
-
(Russian); use
habanera.
-
Khor
-
(Russian); use
chorus.
-
Khoral
-
(Russian); use
chorale.
-
Klage
-
DISTINCTIVE (German) LCCN 92-752592
-
Komposition
-
(German); use
composition.
-
Kompozitsiia
-
(Russian); use
composition.
-
Konchertone
-
(German); use
concertone.
-
Kontrans
-
(Russian); use
country dance.
-
Kontratánc
-
(Hungarian); use
country dance.
-
Kontretänze
-
(German); use
country dance.
-
Kontsert
-
(Russian); use
concerto.
-
Kontsertshtiuk
-
DISTINCTIVE (Russian)
-
Konzert
-
(German); use
concerto.
-
Konzertant
-
(German); use
concertante.
-
Konzertone
-
(German); use
concertone.
-
Konzertstück
-
DISTINCTIVE (German) LCCN 90-751107
-
Krakowiak
-
DISTINCTIVE (German, Italian) LCNAF
n82-242544
-
Kvartet
-
(Russian); use
quartet.
-
Kvintet
-
(Russian); use
quintet.
-
Kvodlibet
-
(Russian); use
quodlibet.
-
Kyrie
-
TYPE (Greek); liturgical (see
note 3); first item of Ordinary of Mass. LCNAF
n87-809336
-
Return to Table of Contents
-
Laendler
-
(French); use
Ländler.
-
Lament
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 83-750118
-
Lamentáció
-
DISTINCTIVE (Hungarian)
-
Lamentación
-
DISTINCTIVE (Spanish)
-
Lamentation
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCNAF n81-2364
-
Lamentazione
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian)
-
Lamento
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian, Spanish) LCCN
86-750914
-
Ländler/Ländler
-
TYPE (German); use for laendler,
lendler. LCNAF n85-72639
-
Largetto
-
(Russian); use
larghetto.
-
Larghetto/Larghettos
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Russian, Spanish); use for largetto. LCCN n 88640435
-
Largo/Largos
-
TYPE (Italian) LCCN 86-755262
-
Laulu/Laulut
-
TYPE (Finnish); use as a type
only when applied to vocal works; see song for
treatment; apply LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10 when
applied to instrumental works. LCNAF n90-721764
-
Lavolta
-
(English, French); use
volta
-
Lección/Lecciónes
-
TYPE (Spanish)
-
Lectura/Lecturas
-
TYPE (Spanish)
-
Lecture/Lectures
-
TYPE (French)
-
Legend
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 84-743090
-
Légende
-
DISTINCTIVE (French) LCNAF
n85-195151
-
Lektion/Lektionen
-
TYPE (German)
-
Lendler
-
(Italian, Russian); use
Ländler.
-
Lento
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Spanish, Russian); LCNAF n00-69000
-
Lesson/Lessons
-
TYPE (English) LCNAF n80-127127
-
Lesung/Lesungen
-
TYPE (German)
-
Lezion/Lezioni
-
TYPE (Italian) LCNAF n87-819994
-
Lied/Lieder
-
TYPE (German); use as a type only
when applied to vocal works; see song for treatment;
apply LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10 when applied to
instrumental works. LCNAF n86-133944
-
Litanei
-
DISTINCTIVE (German)
-
Litania
-
DISTINCTIVE (Italian) LCCN 88-753724
-
Litanie
-
DISTINCTIVE (French) LCCN 85-751076
-
Litany
-
DISTINCTIVE (English) LCCN 94-773937
-
Lullaby/Lullabies; Lullabye/Lullabyes
-
TYPE (English); use the composer's
original spelling. LCNAF n84-40821
-
Return to Table of Contents
-
Madrigaal
-
(Dutch); use
madrigal.
-
Madrigal/Madrigals
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Hungarian,
Russian, Spanish); use for vocal works of this type; when an instrumental
work is titled "Madrigal," treat this title as distinctive. Use for
madrigaal, madrigale, madrygal. LCCN
87-753554
-
Madrigale
-
(Italian); use
madrigal.
-
Madrygal
-
(Polish); use
madrigal.
-
Maestoso
-
TYPE (Italian) LCNAF nr00-29108
-
Magnificat/Magnificats
-
TYPE (Latin); liturgical (see
note 3); use for magníficat, magnifikat.
LCNAF n81-138464
-
Magníficat
-
(Spanish); use
magnificat.
-
Magnifikat
-
(Russian); use
magnificat.
-
Mambo/Mambos
-
TYPE (English, French, German, Italian,
Spanish) LCCN 93-719181
-
March/Marches
-
TYPE (English); use for induló,
marcha, marche, marcia, mars, Marsch, marsh, marsz. LCNAF n88-655339
-
Marcha
-
(Portuguese, Spanish); use
march.
-
Marche
-
(French); use
march.
-
Marcia
-
(Italian); use
march.
-
Marcietta/Marciettas
-
TYPE (English); diminutive form of "marcia;"
use for works in the form of a march.
-
Mars
-
(Dutch); use
march.
-
Marsch
-
(German); use
march.
-
Marsh
-
(Russian); use
march.
-
Marsz
-
(Polish); use
march.
-
Mass/Masses
-
TYPE (English); use as the first
word of a distinctive title so named by the composer (e.g., Hytrek, Theopane.
[Mass in honor of