ÿþ<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Types of Compositions for Use in Music Uniform Titles</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY BGCOLOR="#ffffd7" VLINK="#800080"> <CENTER> <H1> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=4>Types of Compositions for Use in Music Uniform Titles</FONT> </H1> </CENTER> <CENTER> <H2> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=3> A Manual for Use with AACR2 Chapter 25</FONT> </H2> </CENTER> <CENTER> <H4> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> 2nd, Updated Edition, June 1997<BR> Revised 2002</FONT> </H4> </CENTER> <CENTER> <H4> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Final Report of the MLA Working Group on Types of Compositions</FONT> </H4> <H5> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ann Caldwell, Chair, Jeffrey Earnest, Lynn Gullickson, Michelle Koth</FONT> </H5> </CENTER> <P> <HR> <CENTER> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="toc">Table of Contents</A> </FONT> </H3> </CENTER> <P> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#Introduction to the 2nd, updated edition">Introduction to the 2nd, updated edition</A>&nbsp;&nbsp; <B>||</B>&nbsp;&nbsp; <A HREF="#Preface to the 1st edition">Preface to the 1st edition</A><BR> Additions and changes to this list, all of which have been incorporated into this document, are also listed by year in separate documents:<BR> <A HREF="type2000.htm">2000</A> || <A HREF="type2001.htm">2001</A> || <A HREF="type2002.htm">2002</A> || <A HREF="type2003.htm">2003</A> || <A HREF="type2004.htm">2004</A> || <A HREF="type2005.htm">2005</A> || <A HREF="type2006.htm">2006</A> || <A HREF="type2007.htm">2007</A> || <A HREF="type2008.htm">2008</A> || <A HREF="type2009.htm">2009</A> || <A HREF="type2010.htm">2010</A> || <A HREF="type2011.htm">2011</A> || <A HREF="type2012.htm">2012</A> || <A HREF="type2013.htm">2013</A><BR> <A HREF="#principles">Principles of the list</A>&nbsp;&nbsp; <B>||</B>&nbsp;&nbsp; <A HREF="#diacritics">Diacritics</A>&nbsp;&nbsp; <B>||</B>&nbsp;&nbsp; <A HREF="#double">Use of "double," "triple," etc. in titles of musical works</A><BR> <A HREF="#submit">Submitting terms for consideration</A><BR> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#A"><B>A</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#B"><B>B</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#C"><B>C</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#D"><B>D</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#E"><B>E</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#F"><B>F</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#G"><B>G</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#H"><B>H</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#I"><B>I</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#J"><B>J</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#K"><B>K</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#L"><B>L</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#M"><B>M</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#N"><B>N</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#O"><B>O</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#P"><B>P</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#Q"><B>Q</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#R"><B>R</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#S"><B>S</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#T"><B>T</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#U"><B>U</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#V"><B>V</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#W"><B>W</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#X"><B>X</B></A> <B>|</B> <A HREF="#Z"><B>Z</B></A> <B>|</B> <BR> <BR> <HR> </FONT> <CENTER> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="Introduction to the 2nd, updated edition">Introduction to the 2nd, updated edition</A> </FONT> </H3> </CENTER> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> The Bibliographic Control Committee of the Music Library Association decided, following its annual meeting in 1995, to revitalize the Working Group on Types of Compositions. During this meeting a number of music catalogers expressed interest in having a number of terms added to the list as well as having it available electronically via the World Wide Web. The former members of the working group agreed to pick up where they left off in 1992 and to update the list. <BR> <BR> The list's popularity was evidenced by the number of copies distributed through the MLA Clearinghouse and by its publication in <I>MLAJ,</I> the Music Library Association of Japan's newsletter (v. 16, no. 3). The present updated list replaces the 1992 edition in its entirety. <BR> <BR> The Working Group hopes the music cataloging community continues to find this a useful addition to its collection of working tools. <BR> <BR> Since 2002, the list has been maintained and updated chiefly by A. Ralph Papakhian (Indiana University), Chuck Herrold (Carnegie Library), Mark Scharff (Washington University in St. Louis), Michelle Koth (Yale University), Morris Levy (Northwestern University), and Phyllis Jones (Oberlin College). Sue Stancu (Indiana University), currently active, and Terry Simpkins (Middlebury College), previously involved, have also contributed to the maintenance of the list. The music catalogers at the Library of Congress have helped greatly in determining the treatment of new terms. <BR><BR> We acknowledge the hard work and dedication our colleague and friend, Ralph Papakhian (1948-2010), who was a strong advocate for the creation of this list. <BR> <BR> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A></FONT> <HR> <CENTER> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="Preface to the 1st edition">Preface to the 1st edition</A> </FONT> </H3> </CENTER> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> The question of what constitutes the name of a "type of musical composition" (referred to in this preface as a "generic title") became especially important to music catalogers with the advent of AACR2 and its provision that (except when necessary to resolve conflicts) distinctive titles would not be qualified by medium, numeral, or key, and that generic titles (with one exception) would be indicated in the plural. It was consequently very necessary to be able to distinguish between generic and distinctive titles. Uniform titles could no longer be constructed without first knowing with which kind of title one was dealing. <BR> <BR> Many titles are obviously types of composition, e.g., names of musical forms or genres (sonata, symphony, concerto), tempo designations (adagio, allegro), and standard combinations of instruments (trio, quartet). And conversely, many truly distinctive titles are obviously so, e.g., "Nozze di Figaro," "Appalachian Spring." But, it is just as obvious that many titles are ambiguous and difficult to categorize. Included in this third category are titles that look like generic titles, but that are not defined in reference sources as types of musical compositions, e.g., piece or divertissement. Some of these terms may be treated as types of composition if they are so used by enough composers; others may not. Deciding what language to use further complicates the decision. If a type of composition has cognates in English, French, German, and Italian, the accepted English form (even if adopted from another of these languages) is used, regardless of how the composer spelled it. For instance "symphony" is used, not symphonie, Sinfonie, or sinfonia; thus, the cataloger must know if the term is generic in order to know what language to use. For those types of compositions without cognates in the four languages, one must ascertain what language the composer originally used and the plural in that language. For instance, the cataloger would use "piece" for works of an American composer and "Fantasien" for works of a German composer (assuming those were the terms originally used by the composers) <BR> <BR> Music catalogers have been dealing with these incongruities for quite some time. Some specific problems have been addressed by the Library of Congress through rule interpretations and music cataloging decisions, but LC has not made a thorough-going attack on the problem. For instance, "composition" and "piece" were deemed types of compositions because they were definitely not distinctive and were used by many composers. "Composition," having cognates in the four languages, is used in the English form and plural, but "piece," not having cognates in all four languages, is not. <BR> <BR> The Bibliographic Control Committee of the Music Library Association decided to provide some guidance to music catalogers, thus attempting to eliminate the necessity of each cataloger making his or her own decision on each kind of title, a practice that has resulted in a multitude of solutions, much inaction, and a great deal of inconsistency. The Committee charged its Subcommittee on Descriptive Cataloging (Jennifer Bowen, Chair) to develop a list of terms that might be considered types of composition and to develop a research methodology of determining the status of these terms. A working group of four people (the editors of this publication) was formed to coordinate a group of volunteers from the membership of MLA who researched the use of these titles in music reference sources, Library of Congress documentation (AACR2, Library of Congress Rule Interpretations, and Music Cataloging Decisions), the Library of Congress Name Authority File, and LC MARC cataloging. The working group then checked and refined this research, using the above tools (in particular the <I>Terminorum Musicae Index Septem Linguis Redactus</I>), the result of which was the list of generic and distinctive titles that was published in the November 1989 issue of the Music Cataloging Bulletin. The decision was then made to expand the list with new terms and to created an extensive alphabetical list that would include explanations of the use of certain terms, scope notes, all distinctive terms that might be considered generic, and cognates of the generic titles in six major European languages (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Russian), as well as selected terms in other languages. What you have before you is the result of this process. <BR> <BR> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A></FONT> <HR> <CENTER> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="principles">Principles of the list</A> </FONT> </H3> </CENTER> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> The following list of terms that are either "types of compositions" or "distinctive titles" (AACR2 Rev. 25.27A1, footnote 10) includes equivalent terms in English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish, and in some cases, Czech, Dutch, Hungarian, Latin, and Polish. The list is not exhaustive. <BR> <BR> Terms identified as "types" and their plurals are listed in boldface type, followed by the designation "Type" and language. These terms should be used in the plural if a composer has written more than one composition of that type. If a term is followed by a note beginning "use..." and has no plural listed, it is a cognate of another term, and the cataloger should refer to that term to determine its usage. <BR> <BR> Terms that are "distinctive" are given only in the singular, followed by the designation "Distinctive" in boldface type and language. <BR> <BR> Many terms include a brief explanation of their usage. It is essential to read this information before constructing a uniform title. <BR> <BR> When available, LCCNs and LCNAF numbers are included as illustrations of the use of the terms. Users of this list are cautioned against making decisions based solely on these examples. <BR> <BR> The list <I>must</I> be used in conjunction with accepted cataloging tools: <I>Anglo-American Cataloging Rules,</I> 2nd ed., Rev. (AACR2) and Library of Congress Rule Interpretations (LCRIs). Throughout this list there are many references to elements contained in these tools. To facilitate use of the list, excerpts from the most frequently cited are included below. <BR> <BR> Neither this list, nor the excerpts below, are substitutes for cataloging tools. <BR> <BR> <B>1. LCRI 25.27A</B> <BR> <BR> All modifiers other than medium or numeral make the phrase a distinctive title--no matter how common sounding it is. <BR> <BR> <A NAME="LCRI25.27A1"><B>2. LCRI 25.27A1, footnote 10</B></A> <BR> <BR> When a composer uses a word which is normally the name of a type of composition as the title of a work which is definitely not a work of the type designated by the word, do not consider the title to be the name of a type of composition. <BR> <BR> <A NAME="note3"><B>3. LCRI 25.29A (Liturgical titles)</B></A> <BR> <BR> Give Latin liturgical titles (e.g., "<A HREf="#gloria">Gloria</A>," "Salve," "Te Deum") in the singular. Exception: Use "Magnificats" and "Requiems" when appropriate. Apply 25.30B1, and do not normally include a statement of medium of performance. <BR> <BR> <B>4. 25.30A1 (Combination terms)</B> <BR> <BR> Combination terms ("Theme and variations," "Prelude and fugue") do not appear on this list and are addressed in 25.30A1: if the initial title element consists solely of the name of a type, or of two or more types, make additions to it as instructed in 25.30B-25.30E (use the original language). From the <I>Music Cataloging Bulletin</I> v. 13, no. 9, 4th question under LC correspondence: All titles consisting of the names of two or more types of compositions do not qualify as cognate forms to be converted to the accepted English forms of name in accordance with 25.29A1 which limits such conversions to titles consisting solely of the name of one type of composition. Such titles will, however, require a statement of medium of performance in accordance with 25.30B1. <BR> <BR> <B>5. 25.29A1 (Cognates)</B> <BR> <BR> If the initial title element resulting from the application of 25.27 and 25.28 consists solely of the name of one type of composition, use the accepted English form of name if there are cognate forms in English, French, German, and Italian, or if the same name is used in all these languages. Give the name in the plural (this may be a non-English plural form, e.g., divertimenti) unless the composer wrote only one work of the type. <BR> <BR> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> </FONT> <HR> <CENTER> <H3 ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="diacritics">Diacritics</A> </FONT> </H3> </CENTER> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Several diacritics are not available as text, only as images, in Web format. When a term includes a diacritic that is not available, the affected letters in the term will be linked to its image in this section of the document.</FONT> <P ALIGN=Justify> <UL> <LI> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="engsmia"><IMG SRC="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/engsmia.gif" ALT="" WIDTH="20" HEIGHT="21"></A> These two letters should have a ligature over them.<BR> </FONT> <LI> <P ALIGN=Justify> <A NAME="engsmie"><IMG SRC="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/engsmie.gif"></A><FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> These two letters should have a ligature over them.<BR> </FONT> <LI> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="engcapiu"><IMG SRC="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/engcapiu.gif" ALT="" WIDTH="19" HEIGHT="21"></A> These two letters should have a ligature over them.<BR> </FONT> <LI> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="engsmiu"><IMG SRC="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/engsmiu.gif" ALT="" WIDTH="19" HEIGHT="21"></A> These two letters should have a ligature over them.<BR> </FONT> <LI> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="engcapts"><IMG SRC="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/engcapts.jpg" ALT="" WIDTH="20" HEIGHT="18"></A> These letters should have a ligature over them.<BR> </FONT> <LI> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="engsmts"><IMG SRC="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/engsmts.gif" ALT="" WIDTH="18" HEIGHT="18"></A> These letters should have a ligature over them.<BR> </FONT> <LI> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="miakznak">There should be a miagkii znak</A> (not available as an image) at the apostrophe (representing the miagkii znak) from which this is linked. The miagkii znak occupies a space rather than appearing over a letter. A miagkii znak can appear in the following languages appearing in this document:<BR> &#176; Russian<BR> </FONT> </UL> <P> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> </FONT> <HR> <P> <CENTER> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Use of <A NAME="double">"double,"</A> <A NAME="triple">"triple,"</A> etc. in titles of musical works</FONT> </H3> </CENTER> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> " ... it would be a mistake to try to draw any hard and fast conclusions about the treatment of words like "double," "triple," etc. in titles of musical works, since they may have various meanings. In the case of "double concertos," etc., we felt the need for a Music Cataloging Decision because in the past honest differences of opinion had led to inconsistent results. Those who feel that "Double concerto" should not be treated as distinctive argue that "double" implies medium of performance and hence should be omitted from the initial title element under 25.28A, while the majority feel that this is stretching the meaning of "statement of medium of performance" too far. These differences of opinion still exist, but now that we have agreed on a policy and stated it in an MCD we may expect to have more consistency... Titles like "Double quartet" present a rather different situation. Ordinarily a double concerto is indeed a type of concerto, but a double quartet is not a quartet but an octet. Therefore we have never hesitated to treat such titles as distinctive. On the other hand, we seem to have been consistent in treating "Double fugue" as the name of a type of composition... Obviously "double" has an entirely different meaning in this case, one which has no medium-of-performance implications at all. Hence none of us seem to have given serious consideration to treating "double fugue" as distinctive. These different uses of the words "double," "triple," etc., really have little relation to one another, and it would be a mistake, I believe, to try to make any general statement about the use of such words in uniform titles..." <BR> <BR> Communication from Richard Hunter, Mar. 7, 1991; used with permission. This represents Richard Hunter's personal opinion and is not an official Library of Congress statement. <BR> <BR> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> </FONT> <HR> <P> <CENTER> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><A NAME="submit"> Submitting terms for consideration</A> </FONT> </H3> </CENTER> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Do you have a term or title that is being treated inconsistently or about which you are uncertain? Feel free to submit new terms or titles for consideration to Michelle Koth by e-mail (<A HREF="mailto:michelle.koth@yale.edu">michelle.koth@yale.edu</A>) or US mail (Yale Music Library, PO Box 208240, New Haven, CT 06520-8240). Any supporting citations or documentation you can provide will be appreciated.</FONT> <P ALIGN=Justify> <HR> <P> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="A">A</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DL COMPACT> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Abanera</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#habanera">habanera</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Abertura</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#overture">overture</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Adagietto/Adagiettos</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCCN 85-755458</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Adagio/Adagios</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n 90716174</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="agnusdei">Agnus Dei</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>); fifth item of Ordinary of Mass. LCNAF n 2001063695</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Aire/Aires</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Air/Airs</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); a vocal or instrumental tune. LCCN 85754672</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Al<A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#miakznak"><B>'</B></A>bom</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Russian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Album</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English, French, German)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>&Aacute;lbum</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Album leaf</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Albumblatt</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCNAF n 95009104</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Albumblad</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> LCCN 93701574</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Albumleaf</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Allegretto/Allegrettos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n 88643389</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Allegro/Allegros</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n 90666998</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Alleluia</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Alleluja</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Alleluya</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B>; LCCN 95750144</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <A name="allemande"><B>Allemande/Allemandes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (French, German); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A href="#almain">almain</A>, <A href="#almaine">almaine</A>, <A href="#alman">alman</A>, <A HREf="#almaygne">almaygne</A>, <A HREF="#almayne">almayne</A>. LCNAF n 99055792</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <A name="almain"><B>Almain/Almains</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A href="#allemande">allemande</A>, <A href="#almaine">almaine</A>, <A href="#alman">alman</A>, <A HREf="#almaygne">almaygne</A>, <A HREF="#almayne">almayne</A>. LCNAF no2007035041</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <A name="almaine"><B>Almaine/Almaines</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A href="#allemande">allemande</A>, <A href="#almaine">almaine</A>, <A href="#alman">alman</A>, <A HREf="#almaygne">almaygne</A>, <A HREF="#almayne">almayne</A>. LCNAF no2010193480</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <A name="alman"><B>Alman/Almans</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I> see also </I> <A href="%20#allemande">allemande</A>, <A href="#almain">almain</A>, <A href="#almaine">almaine</A>, <A HREf="#almaygne">almaygne</A>, <A HREF="#almayne">almayne</A>. LCNAF no2011044718</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <A name="almaygne"><B>Almaygne/Almaygnes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (French, German); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A href="#allemande">allemande</A>, <A href="#almain">almain</A>, <A href="#almaine">almaine</A>, <A href="#alman">alman</A>, <A HREF="#almayne">almayne</A>. LCNAF no 00062600 </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <A name="almayne"><B>Almayne/Almaynes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (French, German); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A href="#allemande">allemande</A>, <A href="#almain">almain</A>, <A href="#almaine">almaine</A>, <A href="#alman">alman</A>, <A HREf="#almaygne">almaygne</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Andante/Andantes</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n81-81233</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Andantino/Andantinos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n86-867322</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="anglaise"><B>Anglaise/Anglaises</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); a late Baroque dance movement in a harpsichord or orchestra suite; also used loosely to refer to any of the English dance types popular during the late 17th century; <I>use for</I> anglez, inglesa, inglese.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Anglez </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#anglaise">anglaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Anthem/Anthems</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English); a choral setting (in English) of a religious or moral text; frequently used as a collective uniform title. Do not include medium of performance when the anthem is for chorus, with or without instrumental accompaniment, as it is the implied medium, LCCN 96-706257. Include medium of performance in all other cases. LCNAF n87-139957 </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Antifon</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Russian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Antifona</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Ant&iacute;fona</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Hungarian, Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Antiphon</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English, German) LCCN 82761300</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Arabesca </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#arabesque">arabesque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Arabesco </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#arabesque">arabesque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Arabeska </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#arabesque">arabesque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Arabeske </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#arabesque">arabesque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="arabesque"><B>Arabesque/Arabesques</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> arabesca, arabesco, arabeska, Arabeske. LCNAF n81-82730</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="aria"><B>Aria/Arias</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, Hungarian, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> Arie, ari<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>. LCCN 90751615</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Arie&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#aria">aria</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Arieta </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#arietta">arietta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="arietta"><B>Arietta/Ariettas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Italian, Russian); <I>use for</I> arieta, ariette. LCCN 85753723</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ariette </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#arietta">arietta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Ariettina/Ariettinas</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ari<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#aria">aria</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Arioso/Ariosos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English); a piece in a songlike style; use for vocal and instrumental works and short arias so titled not part of a larger recitative. LCCN 87753030</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Armonia</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian) LCCN 96702694</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Armon&iacute;a</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="aubade"><B>Aubade/Aubades</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); a piece of morning music; counterpart of serenade or nocturne; <I>use for</I> Aube. Note: Poulenc's Aubade is considered to be distinctive. <I>See</I> <A HREF="#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1, footnote 10</A>. LCNAF n91-101570</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Aube&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#aubade">aubade</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Ave Maria</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="types.htm#note3">note 3</A>); LCNAF no 98019175</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Ayre/Ayres</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); LCCN 95-704833</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="B">B</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Bagatela </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#bagatelle">bagatelle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Bagatell </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#bagatelle">bagatelle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Bagatella </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#bagatelle">bagatelle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="bagatelle"><B>Bagatelle/Bagatelles</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> bagatela, bagatell, bagatella. LCNAF n81-133634</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Balada/Baladas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Russian, Spanish); vocal work; <I>do not confuse</I> with ballata; for instrumental baladas <I>use</I> <A HREF="#instrumentalballade">ballade</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Ballad/Ballads</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); type of folksong or art song in a folk style; when a vocal work, <I>see</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> for treatment. LCNAF no2003051743</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ballada </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian, Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#instrumentalballade">ballade</A> for instrumental works so named.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="vocalballade"><B>Ballade/Ballades</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); vocal work; form fixe of 14th- to 15th-century France; also an instrumental piece in narrative style; when given as the title to art songs from the 19th and 20th centuries, <I>see</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> for treatment (LCNAF n 98027855); <I>do not confuse</I> with the <A HREF="#instrumentalballade">instrumental ballade</A>. LCNAF nr2005007141</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="instrumentalballade"><B>Ballade/Ballades</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); an instrumental work (usually for piano) in a narrative style; <I>do not confuse</I> with the <A HREF="#vocalballade">vocal ballade</A>; <I>use for</I> instrumental works titled balada, ballada, ballata. LCNAF n 83131636</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Ballata/Ballatas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); Italian dance song; <I>do not confuse </I>with balada; for instrumental ballatas <I>use</I> <A HREF="#instrumentalballade">ballade</A>. LCNAF n79-31582</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Ballett/Balletts</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); a late 16th-/early 17th-century English part-song using nonsense refrains. <I>Use for</I> works of English origin or influence.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Balletto/Balletti</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); a 15th-century Italian dance; a late 16th-/early 17th-century Italian part-song using nonsense refrains; <I>use for</I> works of Italian origin or influence; a late 16th-century Italian instrumental dance. LCNAF n89-631472</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Barcarola </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#baracarolle">barcarolle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Barcarole </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#baracarolle">barcarolle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Barcaroletta</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English, Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#baracarollette">barcarollette</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Barcarolette</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English, French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#baracarollette">barcarollette</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="baracarolle"><B>Barcarolle/Barcarolles</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use for</I> barcarola, barcarole, barcaruola, barkarola. LCNAF n79-68400</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Barcarolletta</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English, Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#baracarollette">barcarollette</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="baracarollette">Barcarollette</A>/Barcarollettes</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> barcaroletta, barcarolette, barcarolletta.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Barcaruola </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#baracarolle">barcarolle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Barkarola </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian, Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#baracarolle">barcarolle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Basdans </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#bassedanse">basse danse</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Bassa danza </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#bassedanse">basse danse</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Bassadanza </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#bassedanse">basse danse</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="bassedanse"><B>Basse danse</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, Spanish); the principal court dance during the late Middle Ages and Renaissance; <I>use for</I> bassa danza, bassadanza, basdans.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="beguine"><B>Beguine/Beguines</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Italian, Spanish); a social dance popular in Europe and American from the 1930s, with a rhythm similar to that of the bolero; <I>use for</I> b&eacute;guine, bigin, biguine. LCNAF nr00-36825</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> B&eacute;guine </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#beguine">beguine</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Berceuse/Berceuses</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); a quiet song in triple meter or a character piece for instruments. LCNAF n87-826083</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Bicinium/Bicinia</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); a two-voice work for voices, instruments, or keyboard. Generally used as a collective uniform title. LCCN 92-753341</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Bigin&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#beguine">beguine</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Biguine</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#beguine">beguine</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>Blues</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> works employing a 12-bar structure, using flattened 3rds and 7ths; <I>also use</I> when the title indicates a blues-type mood rather than a strict adherence to the 12-bar form. LCNAF n 2005089844</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Boceto</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="bolero">Bolero/Boleros</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Hungarian, Italian, Russian, Spanish) LCNAF n81-22437</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Bol&eacute;ro </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#bolero">bolero</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Boree </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#bouree">bourr&eacute;e</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Bossa nova</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Portuguese) LCNAF no98-40808</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="bouree"><B>Bourr&eacute;e/Bourr&eacute;es</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> boree, burre. LCNAF n94-111318</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="boutade"><B>Boutade</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); 18th-century term for a dance or whole ballet in a fanciful and playful style; the name given to an improvised piece of instrumental music, which, if written down, would have been given the title caprice or fantaisie; <I>use for</I> butada. LCNAF no98-55664</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Brano da concerto</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>Burla/Burlas</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Italian); a humorous instrumental piece. LCNAF n 2010021375</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Burlesca </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#burlesque">burlesque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Burleska </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#burlesque">burlesque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Burleske </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#burlesque">burlesque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="burlesque"><B>Burlesque/Burlesques</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> burlesca, burleska, Burleske, burleszk. LCNAF n82-271068</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Burleszk </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#burlesque">burlesque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Burre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#bouree">Bourr&eacute;e</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Butada </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#boutade">Boutade</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="C">C</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Cadence</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(French); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#cadenza">cadenza</A> when used as the title of an independent work.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Cadencia</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#cadenza">cadenza</A> when used as the title of an independent work.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="cadenza">Cadenza</A>/Cadenzas</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian); <I>use</I> as a type only when applied to the title of an independent work; not considered a type of composition when applied to cadenzas within concertos; <I>use for</I> Cadence, Cadencia, Kadenz. LCNAF n 8263348. Also used as a collective title for collections of a composer's cadenzas written to accompany three or more separate concertos, etc., by the same or other composers. LCCN 86751371&gt;</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Canarie</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canary">canary</A>. </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Canario</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canary">canary</A>. </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="canary">Canary</A>/Canaries</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); a form of dance and music popular in Europe from the mid-16th to mid-18th centuries; <I>use for</I> canarie, canario. LCNAF no 98001482 </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="cancion"><B>Canci&oacute;n/Canci&oacute;nes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); <I>See</I> <A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#song">song</A> for treatment. <I>Use </I> for collections and works specifically titled by the composer, e.g., Revueltas, Silvestre, 1899-1940. [Canci&oacute;nes, orchestra acc.]; Botto, Carlos, 1923-2004. [Canci&oacute;nes, op. 4]. LCNAF n 2005015454; apply <A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10</A> to instrumental works. LCNAF no 97080154</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Can&ccedil;oneta</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Portuguese); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canzonetta">canzonetta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="canon"><B>Canon/Canons</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, Spanish); <I>use for</I> canone, Kanon, k&aacute;non. LCNAF n90-604188</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Canon doble</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#doublecanon">double canon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Canon double</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#doublecanon">double canon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Canone </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canon">canon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Canone doppio</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#doublecanon">double canon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="cantabile"><B>Cantabile/Cantabiles</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> Kantabile. LCNAF n81-24681</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="cantata"><B>Cantata/Cantatas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian); usually used as a collective uniform title; <I>use for</I> cantate, Kantate. LCNAF n81-14379; LCNAF n92-54003</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Cantate </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cantata"> cantata</A> (for collective uniform titles only)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="canticle"><B>Canticle/Canticles</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); used as a type for vocal works only; <I>use for</I> cantico, c&aacute;ntico, Canticum, cantique, kantikum. LCNAF n79-121995</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Cantico </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canticle">canticle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> C&aacute;ntico </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canticle">canticle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Canticum </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canticle">canticle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="cantiga"><B>Cantiga/Cantigas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); a medieval Iberian monophonic song; generally used as a collective uniform title; <I>use for</I> kantiga.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Cantilena</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian) LCCN 86-755421</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Cantil&egrave;ne</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCCN 86-750118</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Cantione</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Cantique </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canticle">canticle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Canto/Canti/Cantos</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian); <I>use</I> as a type when applied to vocal works, <I>see</I> <A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#song">song</A> for treatment. <I>Use</I> for collections and works specifically titled by the composer, LCNAF no2003080633; apply <A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10</A> to instrumental works. LCNAF n 2007077432 </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Cantus</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Latin) LCCN 86-751532</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Canzon </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); alternate spelling of canzona; <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canzona">canzona</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="canzona"><B>Canzona/Canzonas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian, Spanish); originally a Proven&ccedil;al troubadour song; later, a piece of 16th-century Italian secular music, 16th- to 17th-century instrumental work; in this usage, not a cognate of canzone; <I>use</I> canzona when a work of this type was originally titled canzone. LCNAF n87-110288</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="canzone"><B>Canzone/Canzoni</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); an 18th- and 19th-century song-like work for voice or instruments. In this usage, not a cognate of canzona. <I>See</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> for treatment. Also, an alternate spelling of <A HREF="#canzona">canzona</A> above; <I>use</I> canzona for a work of this type.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Canzonet/Canzonets</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); late 16th-century English part-song; <I>use for</I> works of English origin or influence. LCNAF n81-5621</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Canzoneta</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canzonetta">canzonetta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="canzonetta">Canzonetta</A>/Canzonettas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian); late 16th-century Italian part-song; also used for solo songs and instrumental pieces of a songlike nature; <I>use for</I> can&ccedil;oneta, canzoneta, canzonette, kan<A HREF="#engsmts"><B>ts</B></A>onetta, Kanzonette. LCNAF n89-646645</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Canzonette</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canzonetta">canzonetta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Capriccetto/Capriccetti</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF no98-46131</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A name="capriccio">Capriccio</A>/Capriccios</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Italian); <I>use </I>this form when it is the composer's original title; do not use caprice or capricho unless the composer specified it as the original title; <I>use for</I> capricio, kaprichchio. LCNAF n 86860139</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="caprice">Caprice</A>/Caprices</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use </I>this form when it is the composer's original title; do not use capriccio or capricho unless the composer specified it as the original title; <I>use for</I> kaprichch, Kaprice, kaprisa, Kaprize. LCNAF n81-22436</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Capricette/Capricetten</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German) LCCN 79-771124</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Capricho</B><B>/Caprichos</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; do not use capriccio or caprice unless the composer specified it as the original title. LCCN no 00062227</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Capricio</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (French); <I>use</I> <A href="#capriccio">capriccio</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>Carmen/Carmina</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); word used during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance to refer to various kinds of vocal music and to instrumental music derived from vocal chansons. LCNAF n 91037186</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Carol/Carols</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n87-130699</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Casaci&oacute;n </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cassation">cassation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="cassation"><B>Cassation/Cassations</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> casaci&oacute;n, cassazione, Kassation, kassa<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>. LCCN 82-772616</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Cassazione </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cassation">cassation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Catch/Catches</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); an English round for 3 voices; generally used as a collective uniform title. LCCN 89-751455</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="cavatina">Cavatina</A>/Cavatinas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian, Spanish); originally signified a short opera aria; now an aria-like vocal piece or a song-like instrumental work; <I>use for</I> independent works titled as such, not for individual cavatinas within operas; <I>use for</I> cavatine, kavatina, Kavatine. LCNAF n94-71214</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Cavatine </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cavatina">cavatina</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Chacarera/Chacareras</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); Argentine couple dance. LCNAF nr2004007876</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Chacona </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chaconne">chaconne</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="chaconne"><B>Chaconne/Chaconnes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> chacona, chacony, chakona, ciaccona, ciacona. LCNAF n 84162660</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Chacony</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chaconne">chaconne</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Chakona </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chaconne">chaconne</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Chamber concerto</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 83-752805</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Chamber sonata</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Chamber symphony</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCNAF n 2003085983</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="chanson"><B>Chanson/Chansons</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); a term meaning song in all its uses; spanning a wide range of periods and genres from the troubadour/trouv&egrave;re repertoires through the secular polyphony of the 14th to 16th centuries to the art song of the 19th and 20th centuries and folk and popular song of all eras. <I>See</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> for treatment. <I>Use for</I> miscellaneous sets, e.g. Le Jeune, Claude. [Chansons. Selections] or specific collections, e.g., Ravel, Maurice. [Chansons. Nicolette], Janequin, Cl&eacute;ment. [Chansons (1528). R&eacute;veillez vous, cueurs endormis]; apply <A HREF="#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10</A> to instrumental works. LCNAF n92-188</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Chant/Chants</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use</I> as a type when applied to vocal works, <I>see</I> <A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#song">song</A> for treatment. <I>Use</I> for collections and works specifically titled by the composer; apply <A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10</A> to instrumental works. LCCN n 2005025773</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="chast"><B>Chast<STRONG><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></STRONG>/Chasti</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Russian); for "movement". <I>Use</I> for an independent work titled as such, not for individual movements of a larger work; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#mouvement">mouvement</A>, <A HREF="#movimento">movimento</A>, <A HREF="#movimiento">movimiento</A>, <A HREF="#satz">Satz</A>, <A HREF="#tetel">t&eacute;tel</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>ChSur</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chorus">chorus</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Chor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chorus">chorus</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Choral </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chorale">chorale</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="choralbearbeitung">Choralbearbeitung</A>/Choralbearbeitungen</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (German); a vocal or instrumental composition based on a pre-existing sacred melody; do not apply 25.30B1a. LCNAF n2008018787</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="chorale"><B>Chorale/Chorales</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> Choral, coral, corale, khoral. LCNAF n87-810276</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="chorale prelude"><B>Chorale prelude/Chorale preludes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; apply 25.30B1a: do not add a statement of medium of performance if the medium is implied by the title. Implied medium: organ; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#choralvorspiel">Choralvorspiel</A>, <A HREF="#preludedechoral">pr&eacute;lude de choral</A>. LCNAF n95-70817</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="choralvorspiel"><B>Choralvorspiel/Choralvorspiele; Choral-Vorspiel/Choral-Vorspiele</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title;apply 25.30B1a: do not add a statement of medium of performance if the medium is implied by the title. Implied medium: organ; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#chorale prelude">chorale prelude</A>, <A HREF="#preludedechoral">pr&eacute;lude de choral</A>. LCNAF n88-642589</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="chorinho">Chorinho/Chorinhos</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); various meanings in Brazilian popular music, generically denoting urban instrumental ensemble music, often with one group member as a soloist, consisted mostly of dances of European origin performed at popular festivities; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREf="#choro">choro</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="choro">Choro/Choros</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); various meanings in Brazilian popular music, generically denoting urban instrumental ensemble music, often with one group member as a soloist, consisted mostly of dances of European origin performed at popular festivities; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREf="#chorinho">chorinho</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="chorus">Chorus/Choruses</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> Chor, chSur, coro, khor. LCNAF n 84012213</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Chotis </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#ecossaise">ecossaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Church sonata</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (English); <I>use</I> <A href="#epistlesonata">epistle sonata</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ciaccona </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chaconne">chaconne</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ciacona </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chaconne">chaconne</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ciciliano </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#siciliana">siciliana</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Composici&oacute;n </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#composition">composition</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="composition"><B>Composition/Compositions</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); usually used in reference to the process of creating a musical work: also used as a title for an independent work; <I>use for</I> composici&oacute;n, composizione, Komposition, kompozi<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>. LCNAF n88-667940</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Composizione </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#composition">composition</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Concert piece</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 86-754853</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Concertant </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#concertante">concertante</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="concertante"><B>Concertante/Concertantes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> concertant, Konzertant. LCNAF n84-191693</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Concertino/Concertinos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n88-643187</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="concerto"><B>Concerto/Concertos</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, Italian); <I>use for</I> concierto, kon<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>ert, Konzert. LCNAF n87-801353</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Concerto da camera</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian) LCCN 89-755372</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Concerto grosso/Concerti grossi</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n87-803133</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="concertone">Concertone/Concertoni</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English); a rarely-used term meaning "large concerto," the form closely approximates the symphonie concertante; <I>use for</I> Konchertone, Konzertone.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Concertpiece</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 89-751073</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Concertst&uuml;ck</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCNAF n88-669977</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Concierto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#concerto">concerto</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Conductus</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); a medieval vocal work for one or more voices; usually used as a collective uniform title.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Conga/Congas</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English) Latin-American dance in 2/4 meter with a repeated two-measure rhythmic pattern. LCNAF no2012108109 </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Contradanza </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#country dance">country dance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Contredanse </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#country dance">country dance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Coral </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chorale">chorale</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Corale </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chorale">chorale</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="corant"><B>Corant/Corants</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#corrente">corrente</A>, <A HREF="#courante">courante</A>. LCCN 91-750145</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Coro&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chorus">chorus</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="corrente"><B>Corrente/Correnti</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#corant">corant</A>, <A HREF="#courante">courante</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="country dance"><B>Country dance/Country dances</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> contradanza, contredanse, kontrans, kontrat&aacute;nc, Kontret&auml;nze. LCNAF n85-205408</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Cort&egrave;ge/Cort&egrave;ges</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Type</B> (English, French) LCCN 96-703525</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="courante">Courante/Courantes</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#corant">corant</A>, <A HREF="#corrente">corrente</A>. LCCN 84-757437</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Cracoviak </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#krakowiak">krakowiak</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Cracoviana</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#krakowiak">krakowiak</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Cracovienne</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English, French); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#krakowiak">krakowiak</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="credo">Credo</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>); third item in the Ordinary of Mass.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Cs&aacute;rd&aacute;s </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#czarda">czarda</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Cuadrilla </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quadrille">quadrille</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Cuarteto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quartet">quartet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Cujawiak</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#kujawiak">kujawiak</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="czarda">Czardas/Czardas</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Hungarian); <I>use for</I> cs&aacute;rd&aacute;s. LCNAF n81-79430</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="D">D</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="dal">Dal/Dalok</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> as a type only when applied to vocal works; see <A HREf="#song">song</A> for treatment; apply <A HREF="#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10</A> when applied to instrumental works. LCNAF n91-35082</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="dance"><B>Dance/Dances</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE </B> (English); <I>use for</I> danse, <A HREF="#danza">danza</A>, t&aacute;nc, tane<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>, taniec, Tanz. LCNAF n82-101545</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Danse </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#dance">dance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="danza">Danza/Danzas</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); the particular genre of salon music for piano developed in Puerto Rico in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Do not translate to "dance" in the uniform title; for all others, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#dance">dance</A>. LCNAF n88-632472</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Danza </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); when danza refers to the particular genre of salon music for piano developed in Puerto Rico in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#danza">Danza</A> and do not translate to "dance" in the uniform title; for all others, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#dance">dance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Danz&oacute;n</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish); Cuban dance form; <I>do not</I> translate to "dance" in uniform title.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="darab"><B>Darab/Darabok</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Hungarian); for "piece"; usually refers to a complete piece of music; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <a href="#pesa">p</a><b><a href="#miakznak">'</a></b><a href="#pesa">esa</a>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCNAF n 85244066</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <A name="decet"><B>Decet/Decets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English); a work for ten players; <I>use for</I> decimette, decimino, dectet, de<B><A href="#engsmts">ts</A></B>imet, Dezett, dixtuor, tentet. LCNAF n 2010022354</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Decimette </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#decet">decet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Decimino </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#decet">decet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Dectet </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#decet">decet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> De<B><A href="#engsmts">ts</A></B>imet </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#decet">decet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Dezett </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#decet">decet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Dialog</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German, Russian) LCNAF n00-065837</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Dialogo</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian) LCCN 90-753421</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Di&aacute;logo</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Dialogue</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English, French) LCCN 93-723239</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Diptych</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 88-771082</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Dirge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English); a mournful song for burial or memorial rites or an instrumental piece expressive of similar sentiments. LCNAF n90-712561</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Diversion</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 84-759886</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="divertimento"><B>Divertimento/Divertimenti</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Hungarian, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> divertisment, divertissement (instrumental works only). LCNAF n85-204057</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Divertisment </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#divertimento">divertimento</A> (for instrumental works). Also a type of 17th- to 18th-century French musical-dramatic entertainment. When found in this context <I>do not use</I> divertimento.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Divertissement </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#divertimento">divertimento</A> (for instrumental works).</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="division">Division</A>/Divisions</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); a 17th-century English technique of improvised variation over a ground, written out for didactic or performance purposes; treatment as a type is not limited to 17th-century works; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#divground">divisions on a ground</A>. LCNAF n 2003080154</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="divground">Divisions</A> on a ground</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); a 17th-century English technique of improvised variation over a ground, written out for didactic or performance purposes; <I>use</I> this form when the composer's original title includes the phrase "on a ground"; treatment as a type is not limited to 17th-century works; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#division">division</A>. LCNAF no 98001401</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Dixit Dominus</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Latin) LCNAF n81-63055</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Dixtuor </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#decet">decet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Doble canon</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#doublecanon">double canon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Doble fuga </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#double fugue">double fugue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Doppelfuge </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#double fugue">double fugue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Doppelkanon</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#doublecanon">double canon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A HREF="#double">Doppel</A>quartett</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCCN 84-755180</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A HREF="#double">Double</A> concerto</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 88-753679</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><A NAME="doublecanon"><B><A HREF="#double">Double</A></B></A><B> canon/<A HREF="#double">Double</A> canons</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> canon doble, canon double, canone doppio, doble canon, Doppelkanon, dvo&#301;no<A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A> kanon. LCCN 2003570676</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="double fugue"><B><A HREF="#double">Double</A> fugue/<A HREF="#double">Double</A> fugues</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> doble fuga, Doppelfuge, dupla f&uacute;ga, dvo&#301;na<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> fuga, fuga doble, fuga doppia, kett&#337;s f&uacute;ga. LCCN 88-751515</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A HREF="#double">Double</A> quartet/<A HREF="#double">Double</A> quartets</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 89-753518</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="duet"><B>Duet/Duets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> dueto, Duett, duetto, duo, kett&#337;s. LCNAF n81-104396</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Dueto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#duet">duet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Duett&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German, Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#duet">duet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Duettino/Duettinos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); diminutive of duetto; a short and/or concise vocal or instrumental duet; <I>use</I> the plural form Duettini when it appears as 1) part of a heading including another type (e.g., Soli e duettini, guitars (2) (LCNAF no98-45667)) or as 2) a distinctive title for what are actually trios (n96-22971). LCNAF n97-58509</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Duetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#duet">duet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT size="2" face="Verdana"><A name="dumka"><B>Dumka/Dumkas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT size="2" face="Verdana"> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish); a type of Ukrainian folk music whose name was adopted in Slavonic countries in the 19th century as a term for a sung lament and later as an instrumental piece; <I>use for</I> doumka. LCNAF n 2005017012</B></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Doumka</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#dumka">dumka</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Dumky </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); plural form of dumka; <I>use</I> <A HREF="#dumka">dumkas</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Duo&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#duet">duet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Duo concertante</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> for 20th-century works; <B>TYPE</B> for pre-20th-century works. Apply LCRI 25.28: for pre-20th-century works with titles such as duo concertant, quartetto concertant, etc, (but not titles naming a form, such as sinfonie concertante, rondeau concertante, etc.) consider the word "concertante" or its equivalent to be an adjective or epithet not part of the original title of the work and omit it from the uniform title. For treatment of duo, <I>see</I> <A HREF="#duet">duet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#double">Dupla</A> f&uacute;ga </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#double fugue">double fugue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Dvo&#301;na<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> fuga </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#double fugue">double fugue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Dvo&#301;no<A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A> kanon</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#doublecanon">double canon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="E">E</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="ecossaise">Ecossaise</A>/Ecossaises</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, Hungarian); <I>use for </I>chotis, &eacute;cossaise, escocesa, Schottische, scozzese. LCNAF n85-296650</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>&Eacute;cossaise</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#ecossaise">Ecossaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A NAME="ejercicio">Ejercicio</A>/Ejercicios</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); treat as a type of composition when the term is used to mean "study," "etude," etc.; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#esercizio">esercizio</A>, <A HREF="#exercice">exercice</A>, <A HREF="#exercise">exercise</A>, <A HREF="#ubung">&Uuml;bung</A>. LCCN 86752547</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">&#278;ksprompt</font> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(Russian); <i>use</i> <a href="#impromptu">impromptu</a>.</font> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">&#278;kspromt</font> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(Russian); <i>use</i> <a href="#impromptu">impromptu</a>.</font> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Elegia </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#elegy">elegy</A> (for instrumental works only); distinctive title for non-instrumental works.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>&Eacute;l&eacute;gie</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#elegy">elegy</A> (for instrumental works only); distinctive title for non-instrumental works.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Elegie </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#elegy">elegy</A> (for instrumental works only); distinctive title for non-instrumental works.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Elegi<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#elegy">elegy</A> (for instrumental works only); distinctive title for non-instrumental works.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="elegy"><B>Elegy/Elegies</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); for instrumental works only; <I>see </I>MCB v. 17, no. 8, p. 9: "for non-instrumental works, treat composer's original title as distinctive." <I>Use for</I> elegia, Elegie, &eacute;l&eacute;gie, elegi<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>. LCNAF n82-3090</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Entr'acte/Entr'actes</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French) LCNAF n79-88086</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Entrada </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#intrada">intrada</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Entwurf</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Epilog</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German); <I>use for</I> independent pieces so named. For epilogues that are part of a larger work, follow rule 25.32.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Epilogo</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian); <I>use for</I> independent pieces so named. For epilogues that are part of a larger work, follow rule 25.32.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Ep&iacute;logo</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish); <I>use for</I> independent pieces so named. For epilogues that are part of a larger work, follow rule 25.32. LCNAF n 2011054975</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Epilogue</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> independent epilogues. For epilogues that are part of a larger work, follow rule 25.32. LCNAF n 2004067054</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>&Eacute;pilogue</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French); <I>use for</I> independent epilogues. For epilogues that are part of a larger work, follow rule 25.32.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Episode</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English, German) LCCN 91-751599</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>&Eacute;pisode</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Episodio</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian, Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A name="epistlesonata"> Epistle sonata</A>/Epistle sonatas</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (English); an instrumental work intended for performance probably following the Epistle of the Mass; not the same as <A HREF="#sonatadachiesa">Sonata da chiesa</A>; <I>use for</I> church sonata, Kirche Sonate, sonate all'epistola. LCNAF n 2011013186</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Epiz&oacute;d</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Hungarian) LCCN 86-750155</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Escocesa </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#ecossaise">ecossaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A NAME="esercizio">Esercizio</A>/Esercizi</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (Italian); treat as a type of composition when the term is used to mean "study," "etude," etc.; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#ejercicio">ejercicio</A>, <A HREF="#exercice">exercice</A>, <A HREF="#exercise">exercise</A>, <A HREF="#ubung">&Uuml;bung</A>. LCNAF n 2003077785</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>&#278;skiz</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Russian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Esquisse</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCCN 91-750527</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Estampida</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(Proven&ccedil;al); <I>use</I> <A href="#estampie">estampie</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A NAME="estampie">Estampie</A>/Estampies</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); instrumental dance form originating in the 13th and 14th centuries; <I>use for</I> estampida, estampita, istampita, istanpitta, stampita. LCNAF n 2007007297</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Estampita</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(Spanish); <I>use</I> <A href="#estampie">estampie</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="estudio"><B>Estudio/Estudios</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <a href="#etiud">&#279;t</a><A HREF="types.htm#engsmiu"><B>iu</B></A><A HREF="#etiud">d</A>, <A HREF="#etude">etude</A>, <A HREF="#acutetude">&eacute;tude</A>, <A HREF="#et&uuml;de">Et&uuml;de</A>, <A HREF="#gyakorlat">gyakorlat</A>, <A HREF="#studie">studie</A>, <A HREF="#studio">studio</A>, <A HREF="#study">study</A>. LCNAF n91-124049</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="etiud"><B>&#278;t</B></A><A HREF="types.htm#engsmiu">iu</A>d/&#278;t<A HREF="types.htm#engsmiu">iu</A>dy</A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE </B> (Russian); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#estudio">estudio</A>, <A HREF="#etude">etude</A>, <A HREF="#acutetude">&eacute;tude</A>, <A HREF="#et&uuml;de">Et&uuml;de</A>, <A HREF="#gyakorlat">gyakorlat</A>, <A HREF="#studie">studie</A>, <A HREF="#studio">studio</A>, <A HREF="#study">study</A>. LCNAF n87-810719</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><A NAME="etude"><B>Etude/Etudes</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#estudio">estudio</A>, <a href="#etiud">&#279;t</a><A HREF="types.htm#engsmiu"><B>iu</B></A><A HREF="#etiud">d</A>, <A HREF="#acutetude">&eacute;tude</A>, <A HREF="#et&uuml;de">Et&uuml;de</A>, <A HREF="#gyakorlat">gyakorlat</A>, <A HREF="#studie">studie</A>, <A HREF="#studio">studio</A>, <A HREF="#study">study</A>. LCNAF n82-1180</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="acutetude"><B>&Eacute;tude/&Eacute;tudes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#estudio">estudio</A>, <a href="#etiud">&#279;t</a><A HREF="types.htm#engsmiu"><B>iu</B></A><A HREF="#etiud">d</A>, <A HREF="#etude">etude</A>, <A HREF="#et&uuml;de">Et&uuml;de</A>, <A HREF="#gyakorlat">gyakorlat</A>, <A HREF="#studie">studie</A>, <A HREF="#studio">studio</A>, <A HREF="#study">study</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="et&uuml;de"><B>Et&uuml;de/Et&uuml;den</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#estudio">estudio</A>, <a href="#etiud">&#279;t</a><A HREF="types.htm#engsmiu"><B>iu</B></A><A HREF="#etiud">d</A>, <A HREF="#etude">etude</A>, <A HREF="#acutetude">&eacute;tude</A>, <A HREF="#gyakorlat">gyakorlat</A>, <A HREF="#studie">studie</A>, <A HREF="#studio">studio</A>, <A HREF="#study">study</A>. LCNAF n87-119084</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A NAME="exercice">Exercice</A>/Exercices </B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (French); treat as a type of composition when the term is used to mean "study," "etude," etc.; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#ejercicio">ejercicio</A>, <A HREF="#esercizio">esercizio</A>, <A HREF="#exercise">exercise</A>, <A HREF="#ubung">&Uuml;bung</A>. LCNAF n 2002071239</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A NAME="exercise">Exercise</A>/Exercises</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (English); treat as a type of composition when the term is used to mean "study," "etude," etc.; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#ejercicio">ejercicio</A>, <A HREF="#esercizio">esercizio</A>, <A HREF="#exercice">exercice</A>, <A HREF="#ubung">&Uuml;bung</A>. LCNAF n 2007009248</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="F">F</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fancie </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fancy">fancy</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fancy"><B>Fancy/Fancies</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> fancie, fansye, phancy, phansie. LCCN 85-753312</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Fandango/Fandangos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Russian) LCCN 86-755304; LCCN 97-708221</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fanfara </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fanfare">fanfare</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fanfare"><B>Fanfare/Fanfares</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> fanfara, fanfarra, fanfarria. LCNAF n88-646761</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fanfarra </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fanfare">fanfare</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fanfarria </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fanfare">fanfare</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fansye </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fancy">fancy</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fantaisie"><B>Fantaisie/Fantaisies</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#fantasia (english)">fantasia</A> (English), <A HREF="#fantasia (italian)">fantasia</A> (Italian), <A HREF="#fantasia(spanish)">fantas&iacute;a</A>, <A HREF="#fantasie">Fantasie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasio">fantasio</A>, <A HREF="#fantasy">fantasy</A>, <A HREF="#phantasie">Phantasie</A>, <A HREF="#phantasy">phantasy</A>. LCNAF n86-2051</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fantasia (english)"><B>Fantasia/Fantasias</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#fantaisie">fantaisie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasia (italian)">fantasia</A> (Italian), <A HREF="#fantasia(spanish)">fantas&iacute;a</A>, <A HREF="#fantasie">Fantasie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasio">fantasio</A>, <A HREF="#fantasy">fantasy</A>, <A HREF="#phantasie">Phantasie</A>, <A HREF="#phantasy">phantasy</A>. LCNAF n91-43351</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fantasia(spanish)"><B>Fantas&iacute;a/Fantas&iacute;as</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#fantaisie">fantaisie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasia (italian)">fantasia</A> (Italian), <A HREF="#fantasie">Fantasie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasio">fantasio</A>, <A HREF="#fantasy">fantasy</A>, <A HREF="#phantasie">Phantasie</A>, <A HREF="#phantasy">phantasy</A>. LCNAF n91-43351</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="fantasia (italian)">Fantasia/Fantasie</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#fantaisie">fantaisie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasia (english)">fantasia</A> (English), <A HREF="#fantasia(spanish)">fantas&iacute;a</A>, <A HREF="#fantasie">Fantasie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasio">fantasio</A>, <A HREF="#fantasy">fantasy</A>, <A HREF="#phantasie">Phantasie</A>, <A HREF="#phantasy">phantasy</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fantasie"><B>Fantasie/Fantasien</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#fantaisie">fantaisie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasia (english)">fantasia</A> (English), <A HREF="#fantasia (italian)">fantasia</A> (Italian), <A HREF="#fantasia(spanish)">fantas&iacute;a</A>, <A HREF="#fantasio">fantasio</A>, <A HREF="#fantasy">fantasy</A>, <A HREF="#phantasie">Phantasie</A>, <A HREF="#phantasy">phantasy</A>. LCNAF n81-22351</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Fantasietta/Fantasiettas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fantasio"><B>Fantasio</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#fantaisie">fantaisie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasia (italian)">fantasia</A> (Italian), <A HREF="#fantasia(spanish)">fantas&iacute;a</A>, <A HREF="#fantasie">Fantasie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasy">fantasy</A>, <A HREF="#phantasie">Phantasie</A>, <A HREF="#phantasy">phantasy</A>. LCNAF n91-43351</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fantasy"><B>Fantasy/Fantasies</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#fantaisie">fantaisie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasia (english)">fantasia</A> (English), <A HREF="#fantasia (italian)">fantasia</A> (Italian), <A HREF="#fantasia(spanish)">fantas&iacute;a</A>, <A HREF="#fantasie">Fantasie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasio">fantasio</A>, <A HREF="#phantasie">Phantasie</A>, <A HREF="#phantasy">phantasy</A>. LCNAF n91-43351</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Feuilles d'album</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCCN 85-755495</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Final</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(English, French, Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#finale">finale</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B><A NAME="finale">Finale/Finales</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Italian); <I>use for</I> final. LCNAF n200266431, n2001078559</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Florish</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#flourish">flourish</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="flourish">Flourish</A>/Flourishes</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> florish. LCNAF n99-269806 </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Fokstrot</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#foxtrot">foxtrot</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Forlana </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German, Italian, Spanish, Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#forlane">forlane</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="forlane"><B>Forlane</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); Italian folkdance; <I>use for</I> forlana, furlana.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Fox trot</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(English); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#foxtrot">foxtrot</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Fox-trot</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(English, French, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#foxtrot">foxtrot</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Fox-trott</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#foxtrot">foxtrot</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B> <A NAME="foxtrot">Foxtrot/Foxtrots</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); 20th-century American social dance in 4/4; <I>use for</I> fokstrot, fox trot, fox-trot, fox-trott, Foxtrott. LCNAF n 2004067678</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Foxtrott</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(German); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#foxtrot">foxtrot</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fuga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fugue">fugue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fuga doble </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#double fugue">double fugue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fuga doppia </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#double fugue">double fugue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fugado </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fugato">fugato</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fugato"><B>Fugato/Fugatos</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Russian); a fugue-like passage of a larger work that is not a fugue; or a fugue-like piece that in some way does not conform to the rigorous thematic and structural methodology of the fugue; <I>use for</I> fugado. LCCN 93-711231</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fuge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fugue">fugue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Fugetta </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian, Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fughetta">fughetta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fughetta"><B>Fughetta/Fughettas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); a short or light fugue; <I>use for</I> fugetta.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="fugue"><B>Fugue/Fugues</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French): <I>use for</I> fuga, Fuge. LCNAF n87-112259</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="furiant"><B>Furiant/Furiants</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish); an exuberant Bohemian folkdance. LCCN 94-771946</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Furlana </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish, Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#forlane">forlane</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="G">G</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Gagliarda </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#galliard">galliard</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Gaillarde </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#galliard">galliard</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Gal<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B><B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>rda </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#galliard">galliard</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Gallarda </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#galliard">galliard</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="galliard"><B>Galliard/Galliards</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> gagliarda, gaillarde, gal<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B><B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>rda, gallarda. LCNAF n89-613610</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="galop"><B>Galop/Galops</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> Galopp. LCCN 87-754637</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Galopp </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#galop">galop</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Gavot </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#gavotte">gavotte</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Gavota </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#gavotte">gavotte</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Gavotta </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#gavotte">gavotte</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="gavotte"><B>Gavotte/Gavottes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> gavot, gavota, gavotta. LCNAF n89-653244</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Gedichte/Gedichten</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German) LCCN 84-760332; 95-704097</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="gesang"><B>Gesang/Ges&auml;nge</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); German song or choral work; <I>see</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> for treatment. <I>use for</I> works of this type in German and only for sets specifically titled by the composer, e.g., Becker, Gunther. [Gesang]; Beethoven, Ludwig van. [Ges&auml;nge, op. 75]; Kreutzer, Conradin. [Ges&auml;nge, men's voices, op. 24] For miscellaneous collections <I>use</I> "<A HREF="#song">song</A>", e.g. [Songs. Selections] LCNAF n87-803379</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Giga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#gigue">gigue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="gigue"><B>Gigue/Gigues</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> giga, jig, Jiga, jigge, zhiga. LCNAF n85-133796</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Gimno </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#hymn">hymn</A> (for vocal works).</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Glee/Glees</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); an English part-song for three or more voices; usually used as a collective uniform title.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="gloria">Gloria</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>); second item of Ordinary of Mass. LCNAF n81-46728</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="gradual">Gradual</A>/Graduals</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Spanish); an item of the Proper of the Mass; usually used as a collective uniform title. LCCN 85-752240</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Graduale</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Gradu&aacute;le</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Hungarian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Graduel</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Ground/Grounds</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English) LCCN 97-704067</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Guajira/Guajiras</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); a Cuban narrative song form, usually in 6/8 alternating with 3/4; used as a type for vocal works; for other works, apply <A HREF="#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1, footnote 10</A>. LCNAF n2001-68424</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="gyakorlat"><B>Gyakorlat/Gyakorlatok</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#estudio">estudio</A>, <a href="#etiud">&#279;t</a><A HREF="types.htm#engsmiu"><B>iu</B></A><A HREF="#etiud">d</A>, <A HREF="#etude">etude</A>, <A HREF="#acutetude">&eacute;tude</A>, <A HREF="#et&uuml;de">Et&uuml;de</A>, <A HREF="#studie">studie</A>, <A HREF="#studio">studio</A>, <A HREF="#study">study</A>. LCNAF no2010086114</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="H">H</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="habanera">Habanera/Habaneras</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Spanish); <I>use for</I> abanera, khabanera, khavanez, havanaise. LCCN 95-751750</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Halleluia</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Halleluja</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Hallelujah</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B>; LCNAF n94-65886</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Halleluya</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B>; LCCN 88-752236</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Halleluyah</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Harmonie</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#harmony">harmony</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="harmony">Harmony</A>/Harmonies</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> works for wind instruments or a small wind band (oboes, horns, bassoons, etc.); <I>use for</I> harmonie, Harmonie. LCCN 94-704205</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Havanaise</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#habanera">habanera</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Himno </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#hymn">hymn</A> (for vocal works)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Homage</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 84-755090</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Hommage</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCCN 91-758186</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Hornpipe/Hornpipes</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n 2006001503</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Hudba </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Czech); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#music">music</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Humoresca </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#humoresque">humoresque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Humoreske </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#humoresque">humoresque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="humoresque"><B>Humoresque/Humoresques</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> humoresca, Humoreske, humoreszk, <B><A HREF="#engsmia">iu</A></B>moreska, umoresca. LCNAF n82-138256</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Humoreszk </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#humoresque">humoresque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="hymn"><B>Hymn/Hymns</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); for vocal works; usually used as a collective uniform title; <I>use for</I> gimno, himno, Hymne, inno. LCNAF n88-608072</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Hymne </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#hymn">hymn</A> (for vocal works)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="I">I</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Idilio</B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Idillio</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Idyla</B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Czech) LCNAF n83-56929</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Idyll</B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English, German) LCNAF n95-79255</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Idylle</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <A name="impromptu"><B>Impromptu/Impromptus</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Hungarian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> &#279;ksprompt, &#279;kspromt. LCNAF n 82106643</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Improvisaci&oacute;n </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#improvisation">improvisation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="improvisation"><B>Improvisation/Improvisations</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> improvisaci&oacute;n, improviz&aacute;ci&oacute;, improviz&aacute;l&aacute;s, improviza<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, improvvisazione, r&#337;gt&#337;nz&eacute;s; the Italian "<A HREF="#improvviso">improvviso</A>" and Spanish "<A HREF="#improviso">improviso</A>" are not cognates. LCNAF n82-053201</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="improviso"><B>Improviso</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Improviz&aacute;ci&oacute; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#improvisation">improvisation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Improviz&aacute;l&aacute;s </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#improvisation">improvisation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Improviza<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#improvisation">improvisation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Improvvisazione </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#improvisation">improvisation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="improvviso"><B>Improvviso</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n92-62414</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>In nomine/In nomines</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin) LCNAF n84-21965</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Indul&oacute; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#march">march</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Inglesa </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#anglaise">Anglaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Inglese </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#anglaise">Anglaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Inno&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#hymn">hymn</A> (for vocal works).</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="interlude"><B>Interlude/Interludes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> interludio, Interludium. LCNAF n82-215308</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Interludio </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#interlude">interlude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Interludium </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#interlude">interlude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Interm&egrave;de/Interm&egrave;des</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> when this is the title of a character piece; do not apply this treatment to an independent stage work whose title begins with or includes the word interm&egrave;de; interm&egrave;des that are performed between the acts of a stage work follow rule 25.32; <I>use for</I> intermedio, intermedium. LCNAF n 2001064780</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Intermedio</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#intermede">interm&egrave;de</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Intermedium</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#intermede">interm&egrave;de</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Interme<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B><B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>o </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#intermezzo">intermezzo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="intermezzo"><B>Intermezzo/Intermezzi</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for </I> interme<B><A HREF="#engsmts">tsts</A></B>o, Zwischenakt. LCNAF n99-269788</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Intonazione</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#intonation">intonation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="intonation"><B>Intonation/Intonations</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); originally an introductory toccata-like piece for keyboard that sets the pitch for a following sacred vocal composition; may also exist independently; <I>use for</I> intonazione. LCNAF n 2004077814</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="intrada"><B>Intrada/Intradas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian); <I>use for</I> entrada. LCNAF n00-065471</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Introducci&oacute;n </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#introduction">introduction</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="introduction"><B>Introduction/Introductions</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); usually used as the first part of a larger work, although single works with the title do exist (e.g., Telemann, Georg Philipp. [Introduction, recorders (2), continuo, C major]); <I>use for</I> introducci&oacute;n, Introduktion, introduk<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, introduzione. LCCN 88-750963</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Introduktion </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#introduction">introduction</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Introduk<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#introduction">introduction</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Introduzione </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#introduction">introduction</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="introit">Introit</A>/Introits</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>); an item of the proper of the Mass; usually used as a collective uniform title; <I>use for</I> Introitus; LCNAF no96-53346; distinctive when an instrumental work. LCCN 84-758617</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Introitus</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(German, Latin); when a vocal work, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#introit">Introit</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Invenci&oacute;n </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#invention">invention</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="invention"><B>Invention/Inventions</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> invenci&oacute;n, invento, inven<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, invenzione. LCNAF n81-134769</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Invento</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#invention">invention</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Inven<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#invention">invention</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Invenzione </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#invention">invention</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Istampita</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(Italian); <I>use</I> <A href="#estampie">estampie</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Istanpitta</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(Italian); <I>use</I> <A href="#estampie">estampie</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A HREF="#engcapiu">IU</A></B>moreska </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF=" #humoresque">humoresque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="J">J</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A name="jacara">J&aacute;cara</A>/J&aacute;caras</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (Portuguese, Spanish); a Spanish and Hispano-American dance and musical pattern used in 17th- and 18th-century stage productions, church villancicos, and instrumental variation pieces; <I>use for</I> x&aacute;cara.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Jig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#gigue">gigue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Jiga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#gigue">gigue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Jigge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#gigue">gigue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="jota"><B>Jota/Jotas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); a lively dance in triple time from northern Spain; <I>use for</I> both instrumental and vocal works; <I>use for</I> khota. LCNAF n 2005000976</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="K">K</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Kadenz</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(French); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#cadenza">cadenza</A> when used as the title of an independent work.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kadril<A HREF="#miakznak">'</A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quadrille">quadrille</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Kamerna<A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A> simfoni<A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Russian) LCCN n 98088075</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Kamerna<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> sonata</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Russian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Kammerkonzert</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCCN 85-752917</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Kammersinfonie</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCNAF n 92078929</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Kammersonate</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCNAF n97-27427</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Kammersymphonie</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCNAF n 81100999</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kanon </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canon">canon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> K&aacute;non </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canon">canon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kantabile </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cantabile">cantabile</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kantate </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cantata">cantata</A> (for collective uniform titles only).</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kantiga </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cantiga">cantiga</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kantikum </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canticle">canticle</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Kantilena</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Russian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Kantilene</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Kan<A HREF="#engsmts"><B>ts</B></A>onetta</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canzonetta">canzonetta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Kanzonette</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#canzonetta">canzonetta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Kaprice</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#caprice">caprice</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kaprichch </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#caprice">caprice</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kaprichchio </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#capriccio">capriccio</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Kaprisa</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#caprice">caprice</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Kaprize</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#caprice">caprice</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kassation </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cassation">cassation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kassa<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cassation">cassation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kavatina </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cavatina">cavatina</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kavatine </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#cavatina">cavatina</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kett&#337;s </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#duet">duet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kett&#337;s f&uacute;ga </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#double fugue">double fugue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Khabanera</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#habanera">habanera</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Khavanez</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#habanera">habanera</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Khor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chorus">chorus</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Khoral </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#chorale">chorale</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Khota</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A href="#jota">jota</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Kirche Sonate</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (German); <I>use</I> <A href="#epistlesonata">epistle sonata</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Klage</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCCN 92-752592</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Komposition </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#composition">composition</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kompozi<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#composition">composition</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Konchertone</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#concertone">concertone</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kontrans </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#country dance">country dance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kontrat&aacute;nc </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#country dance">country dance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kontret&auml;nze </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#country dance">country dance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kon<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>ert </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#concerto">concerto</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B> Kon<A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A>ertsht<A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A>k</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Russian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Konzert </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#concerto">concerto</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Konzertant </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#concertante">concertante</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Konzertone</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#concertone">concertone</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Konzertst&uuml;ck</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCCN 90-751107</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Krakovi&aacute;k</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#krakowiak">krakowiak</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Krakov<B><A HREF="types.htm#engsmia">ia</A></B>k</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#krakowiak">krakowiak</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="krakowiak">Krakowiak</A>/Krakowiaks</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Polish); Polish folk dance characterized by syncopated rhythms in fast duple time; <I>use for</I> cracoviak, cracoviana, cracovienne, krakovi&aacute;k, krakov</B><A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A>k. LCNAF n 82242544</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Kujaviak</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#kujawiak">kujawiak</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><A NAME="kujawiak"><B>Kujawiak/Kujawiaks</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Polish); Polish folk dance characterized by triple time with a displacement of the accent to the second or third beat of the bar, similar to but slower than the mazurka; <I>use for</I> cujawiak, kujaviak. LCNAF n2012057320</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kvartet </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quartet">quartet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kvintet </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quintet">quintet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Kvodlibet </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quodlibet">quodlibet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="kyrie">Kyrie</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Greek); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>); first item of Ordinary of Mass. LCNAF n87-809336</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="L">L</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Ladainha</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Portuguese)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Laendler </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#landler">L&auml;ndler</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lament</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 83-750118</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lament&aacute;ci&oacute;</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Hungarian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lamentaci&oacute;n</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lamentation</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCNAF n81-2364</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lamentazione</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lamento</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian, Spanish) LCCN 86-750914</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="landler"><B>L&auml;ndler/L&auml;ndler</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use for</I> laendler, lendler. LCNAF n85-72639</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Largetto</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#larghetto">larghetto</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="larghetto">Larghetto</A>/Larghettos</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> largetto. LCCN n 88640435</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Largo/Largos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCCN 86-755262</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="laulu"><B>Laulu/Laulut</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Finnish); <I>use</I> as a type only when applied to vocal works; <I>see</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> for treatment; apply <A HREF="#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10</A> when applied to instrumental works. LCNAF n90-721764</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Lavolta</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(English, French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#volta">volta</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lecci&oacute;n/Lecci&oacute;nes</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lectura/Lecturas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lecture/Lectures</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Legend</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 84-743090</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>L&eacute;gende</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCNAF n85-195151</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lektion/Lektionen</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Lendler </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#landler">L&auml;ndler</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lento</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Russian); LCNAF n00-69000</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lesson/Lessons</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n80-127127</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lesung/Lesungen</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>Letan&iacute;a</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lezion/Lezioni</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n87-819994</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="lied"><B>Lied/Lieder</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use</I> as a type only when applied to vocal works; <I>see</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> for treatment; apply <A HREF="#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10</A> when applied to instrumental works. LCNAF n86-133944</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Litanei</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Litania</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian) LCCN 88-753724</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Litanie</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCCN 85-751076</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Litany</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 94-773937</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Lullaby/Lullabies; Lullabye/Lullabyes</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> the composer's original spelling. LCNAF n84-40821</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="M">M</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Madrigaal </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Dutch); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#madrigal">madrigal</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="madrigal"><B>Madrigal/Madrigals</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Hungarian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> vocal works of this type; when an instrumental work is titled "Madrigal," treat this title as distinctive. <I>Use for</I> madrigaal, madrigale, madryga&#322;. LCCN 87-753554</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Madrigale </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#madrigal">madrigal</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Madryga&#322; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Polish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#madrigal">madrigal</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Maestoso</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF nr00-29108</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="magnificat"><B>Magnificat/Magnificats</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>); <I>use for</I> magn&iacute;ficat, magnifikat. LCNAF n 81138464</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Magn&iacute;ficat </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#magnificat">magnificat</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Magnifikat </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#magnificat">magnificat</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B><A NAME="malaguena">Malague&ntilde;a</A>/Malague&ntilde;as</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); a type of instrumental piece, song, or dance in the flamenco style; <I>use for</I> malagu&#279;n<A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#miakznak"><B>'</B></A><A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A>. LCNAF n 2003083850</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Malagu&#279;n<A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#miakznak"><B>'</B></A><A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#malaguena">malague&ntilde;a</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Mambo/Mambos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish) LCCN 93-719181</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="march"><B>March/Marches</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> indul&oacute;, marcha, marche, marcia, mars, Marsch, marsh, marsz. LCNAF n 88655339</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Marcha </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Portuguese, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#march">march</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Marche </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#march">march</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Marcia </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#march">march</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Marcietta/Marciettas</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English); diminutive form of "marcia;" <I>use for</I> works in the form of a march.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Mars&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Dutch); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#march">march</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Marsch </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#march">march</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Marsh </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#march">march</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Marsz </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Polish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#march">march</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="mass"><B>Mass/Masses</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> as the first word of a distinctive title so named by the composer (e.g., Hytrek, Theopane. [Mass in honor of Saint John the Evangelist]) or as a generic title with qualifiers when needed to distinguish between a composer's masses or produce a more logical arrangement (e.g., Haydn, Joseph. [Masses, H. XXII, 9, C major], Bruckner, Anton. [Masses, E minor]); <I>use for</I> messa, messe, misa, missa, mise, m&#353;a, msza. LCNAF n 82145601</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Mazur </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Polish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#mazurka">mazurka</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Mazurca </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#mazurka">mazurka</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Mazurek </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Polish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#mazurka">mazurka</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="mazurka"><B>Mazurka/Mazurkas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Czech, English, French, German, Hungarian, Russian); <I>use for</I> mazur, mazurca, mazurek. LCCN 88-753972</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Melodia </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian, Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#melody">melody</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Melodie </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Czech, Dutch, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#melody">melody</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="melodie"><B>M&eacute;lodie/M&eacute;lodies</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>apply</I> LCRI 25.29A; <I>use</I> for a French work for 1) solo voice and keyboard stringed instrument, in which case do not include the medium of performance in the uniform title (LCRI 25.29A), e.g., Chausson. Ernest [M&eacute;lodies, op. 2] or for 2) solo voice and accompaniment of other than a solo keyboard stringed instrument or without accompaniment, in which case indicate the medium of accompaniment or absence of accompaniment in the uniform title (25.30B10). <I>See</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> for treatment. "M&eacute;lodies," in these cases, do not have the same meaning as the cognate in other languages. LCNAF n 93036347</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Melodi<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#melody">melody</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Melodja </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Polish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#melody">melody</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="melody"><B>Melody/Melodies</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>see</I> LCRI 25.29A: considered a type distinct from the French <A HREF="#melodie">"m&eacute;lodie"</A> (e.g., Cage, John. [Melodies, violin, keyboard instrument]). <I>Use for</I> melodia, melodie (use for the French "M&eacute;lodie" when medium of performance is other than specified in LCRI 25.29A), melodi<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, melodja. LCNAF n 85058131 </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Menuet </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#minuet">minuet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Menuett </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German, Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#minuet">minuet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Menuetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#minuet">minuet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Messa </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> as the first word of a composer's distinctive title (e.g., Puccini, Giacomo. [Messa di Gloria]); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#mass">mass</A> if a generic title is appropriate.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Messe </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> as the first word of a composer's distinctive title (e.g., Gilles, Jean. [Messe des morts]); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#mass">mass</A> if a generic title is appropriate.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Milonga/Milongas</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); a traditional song genre of Uruguay and Argentina; an Argentinian dance, forerunner of the tango; a piece of music for this dance; <I>use for</I> both vocal and instrumental works.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Miniat<B><A HREF="#engsmia">iu</A></B>ra</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Russian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Miniatur</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Miniat&#369;r/Miniat&#369;r&ouml;k</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Hungarian) LCNAF n 94106913</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Miniatura</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian, Spanish) LCCN 86-750186</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Miniatura/Miniatury</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Polish) LCNAF n 85141670</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Miniature</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English, French) LCNAF n 86869720</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Miniatuur</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Dutch)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Minu&eacute; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#minuet">minuet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="minuet"><B>Minuet/Minuets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> menuet, Menuett, menuetto, minu&eacute;, minuete, minuetto. LCNAF n 81022486</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Minuete </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Portuguese, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#minuet">minuet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Minuetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#minuet">minuet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Misa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> as the first word of a composer's distinctive title (e.g., Sojo, Vicente Emilio. [Misa crom&aacute;tica]); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#mass">mass</A> if a generic title is appropriate.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Mise&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> as the first word of a composer's distinctive title; <I>use</I> <A HREF="#mass">mass</A> if a generic title is appropriate.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Miserere</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>) LCNAF n 86130058</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Missa </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Latin); <I>use</I> as the first word of a composer's distinctive title (e.g., Frescobaldi, Girolamo. [Missa sopra l'arca della monica]); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#mass">mass</A> if a generic title is appropriate.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> M<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>zet </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#musette">musette</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Moderato/Moderatos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n 82224301</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Modinha/Modinhas</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, Portuguese); a song usually for solo voice and guitar popular in 19th-century Brazil and Portugal; also a Brazilian dance form derived from the vocal form. LCNAF no2008020824</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="morceau"><B>Morceau/Morceaux</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); for "piece"; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <a href="#pesa">p</a><b><a href="#miakznak">'</a></b><a href="#pesa">esa</a>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCNAF n 87831073 </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Morceau de concert</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="motet"><B>Motet/Motets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Czech, Dutch, English, French, Polish, Russian); <I>use for</I> motete, motetta, Motette, motetto, motteto, mottetto. LCNAF no 97083996</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Motete </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#motet">motet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Motetta </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#motet">motet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Motette </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#motet">motet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Motetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#motet">motet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Motteto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#motet">motet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Mottetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#motet">motet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="mouvement"><B>Mouvement/Mouvements</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); for "movement"; <I>use</I> <I>for </I>an independent work titled as such, not for individual movements of a larger work; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#chast">chast</A><A HREF="#miakznak"><B>'</B></A>, <A HREF="#movement">movement</A>, <A HREF="#movimento">movimento</A>, <A HREF="#movimiento">movimiento</A>, <A HREF="#satz">Satz</A>, <A HREF="#tetel">t&eacute;tel</A>. LCCN 91-751167</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="movement"><B>Movement/Movements</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> <I>for </I>an independent work titled as such, not for individual movements of a larger work; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#chast">chast</A><A HREF="#miakznak"><B>'</B></A>, <A hREF="#mouvement">mouvement</A>, <A HREF="#movimento">movimento</A>, <A HREF="#movimiento">movimiento</A>, <A HREF="#satz">Satz</A>, <A HREF="#tetel">t&eacute;tel</A>. LCNAF n 82077765</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="movimento"><B>Movimento/Movimenti</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); for "movement"; <I>use for</I> an independent work titled as such; not for individual movements of a larger work; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#chast">chast</A><A HREF="#miakznak"><B>'</B></A>, <A HREF="#mouvement">mouvement</A>, <A HREF="#movement">movement</A>, <A HREF="#movimiento">movimiento</A>, <A HREF="#satz">Satz</A>, <A HREF="#tetel">t&eacute;tel</A>. LCNAF n 97072113</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="movimiento"><B>Movimiento/Movimientos</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); for "movement"; <I>use</I> <I>for </I>an independent work titled as such, not for individual movements of a larger work; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#chast">chast</A><A HREF="#miakznak"><B>'</B></A>, <A HREF="#mouvement">mouvement</A>, <A HREF="#movement">movement</A>, <A HREF="#movimento">movimento</A>, <A HREF="#satz">Satz</A>, <A HREF="#tetel">t&eacute;tel</A>. LCCN 91-761385</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> M&#353;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Czech); <I>use</I> as the first word of a composer's distinctive title (e.g., Jan&aacute;cek, Leos. [M&#353;a glagolskaja]); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#mass">mass</A> if a generic title is appropriate.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Msza&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Polish); <I>use</I> as the first word of a composer's distinctive title (e.g., Szczypiorski, Andrzej. [Msza za miasto Arras]); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#mass">mass</A> if a generic title is appropriate.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Mus&eacute;te </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#musette">musette</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="musette">Musette/Musettes</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); a dance-like piece of pastoral character whose style is suggestive of the sound of the musette or bagpipe; <I>use for</I> m<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>zet. LCNAF n00-077830</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="music"><B>Music</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> hudba, musica, m&uacute;sica, Musik, musique, muzyka. LCNAF n85-244981</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Musica </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#music">music</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> M&uacute;sica </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#music">music</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Musical comedy </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> For collections of a composer's musical comedies, <I>use</I> the uniform title <A HREF="#musicals">Musicals</A>. LCNAF n83-151232</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="musicals">Musicals</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>usually used</I> as a collective title uniform title. LCNAF n83-151232</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Musik </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#music">music</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Musique </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#music">music</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Muzyka </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#music">music</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="N">N</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Nachspiel/Nachspiele</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German) LCNAF n82-243146</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Nachtst&uuml;ck</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German); do not translate to "nocturne" in uniform title. LCNAF n 2006056505</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Night piece/Nightpiece</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English); do not translate to "nocturne" in uniform title. LCNAF n 96082811</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="nocturne"><B>Nocturne/Nocturnes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> nocturno, nokt<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>rn, notturno. LCNAF n86-857989</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Nocturno </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#nocturne">nocturne</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>No&euml;l/No&euml;ls</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); LCNAF n82-153156</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Nokt<B><A HREf="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>rn </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#nocturne">nocturne</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="nonet"><B>Nonet/Nonets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> noneto, Nonett, nonetto. LCNAF n99-833954</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Noneto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#nonet">nonet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Nonett </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#nonet">nonet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Nonetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#nonet">nonet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Notturno </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German, Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#nocturne">nocturne</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Novelette</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English, French) LCCN 86-753748</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Novellette/Novelleten</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCNAF n96-50222</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="O">O</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Obertura </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A hREF="#overture">overture</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="octet"><B>Octet/Octets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> octeto, octuor, oktet, Oktett, ottetto. LCNAF n87-120620</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Octeto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#octet">octet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Octuor </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#octet">octet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Oda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Polish, Spanish, Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#ode">ode</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> &Oacute;da&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Czech, Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#ode">ode</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="ode"><B>Ode/Odes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B> TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian); <I>use for</I> oda, &oacute;da. LCCN 85-753189</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ofertorio </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#offertory">offertory</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Offertoire </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#offertory">offertory</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Offertor&#301;i </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#offertory">offertory</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Offertorio </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#offertory">offertory</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Offertorium</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Latin); chant, item of the Proper of the Mass; polyphonic settings exist from the 15th and 16th centuries; from the 17th century on, frequently performed instrumentally or vocally and not related to the prescribed liturgical term. LCCN 85-752080</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="offertory"><B>Offertory/Offertories</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> ofertorio, offertoire, offertor&#301;i, offertorio. LCNAF n92-90894</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Oktet&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#octet">octet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Oktett </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#octet">octet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Oriental</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 77-750441</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Orientale</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCCN 88-753369</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>Ostinato/Ostinatos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> compositions in which a musical pattern is repeated many times in succession while other musical elements are generally changing.</B> LCNAF n 2004068635</B> </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ottetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#octet">octet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ouvert&uuml;re </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#overture">overture</A> unless part of a larger work. In that case <I>use</I> composer's original spelling.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ouverture </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#overture">overture</A> unless part of a larger work. In that case <I>use</I> composer's original spelling.</FONT> <P> <DT> <font face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Ouvert&uuml;rensuite</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCNAF n 2009053988</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Overtura </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#overture">overture</A> unless part of a larger work. In that case <I>use</I> composer's original spelling.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="overture"><B>Overture/Overtures</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> independent overtures, either non-distinctively named individual overtures or for collections of a composer's overtures. Overtures that are part of a larger work follow rule 25.32. When used as a generic title, <I>see</I> 25.30B1: do not include medium of performance when the overture is for orchestra, as it is the implied medium; include medium of performance in all other cases; <I>use for</I> abertura, obertura, Ouvert&uuml;re, ouverture, overtura, sinfonia, uvert<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>ra, uwertura. LCNAF n85-300279</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="P">P</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Padovana </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#pavan">pavan</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Paduana </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#pavan">pavan</A>.</FONT> <P> <dt> <font face="Verdana" size="2"><A NAME="pala"><B>Pala/Palad</b></a> </font> </dt><dd> <font face="Verdana" size="2"> <b>TYPE</b> (Estonian); for "piece"; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <a href="#pesa">p</a><b><a href="#miakznak">'</a></b><a href="#pesa">esa</a>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCNAF no2010197089</font></font> <p> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Panasz</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Hungarian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Part song/Part songs; Part-song/Part-songs; Partsong/Partsongs (<I><FONT COLOR="red">provisional entry</FONT></I>)</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English); a work in two or more voice parts without independent accompaniment; (however, some works may be accompanied). The problems with this type of composition continue to be unresolved. The first problem is the form of the name of the type. Until a definitive policy is issued, <I>use</I> the spelling the composer used. The second problem is medium of performance. Although "part song" is not included in the list of types of composition with implied medium of performance in 25.30B1a, the <I>New Grove</I> definition of the type lends credence to applying 25.30B1a. Examples in the authority file are inconsistent in stating the medium of performance. Until this problem is resolved, follow the treatment in established headings for a composer's works.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Parte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#partita">partita</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Parthia </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#partita">partita</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Parthie </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#partita">partita</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Partia&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#partita">partita</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Partie&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#partita">partita</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="partita"><B>Partita/Partitas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> parte, Parthia, Parthie, Partia, Partie (German). Do not use for partie (French) which is synonymous with movement or part and is not a cognate of partita. LCNAF n85-235300</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pasacalle </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passacaglia">passacaglia</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B><A NAME="paseo">Paseo/Paseos</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Spanish); a type of ripresa or ritornello similar to the Spanish passacaglia; also used in the 17th century for keyboard variations or for compositions similar to a chaconne; <I>use for</I> passeo.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Paso/Pasos</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); probably comes from a Spanish dance and is most often used by 17th- and 18th-century Spanish composers of organ music. LCNAF n 2008082492</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Paso doble</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Russian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#pasodoble">pasodoble</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="pasodoble">Pasodoble</A>/Pasodobles</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> paso doble. no2009018016</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pasp<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B>e </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passepied">passepied</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Paspi&eacute; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passepied">passepied</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="passacaglia"><B>Passacaglia/Passacaglias</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Hungarian, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> pasacalle, passacaille, passacalle, passakal<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B><B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, passakali<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, passecaille. LCNAF n81-5033</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Passacaille </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passacaglia">passacaglia</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Passacalle </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passacaglia">passacaglia</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Passakal<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B><B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passacaglia">passacaglia</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Passakali<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passacaglia">passacaglia</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="passamezzo"><B>Passamezzo/Passamezzos</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); Italian dance of the 16th and early 17th centuries; cannot be distinguished from the pavan; <I>use for</I> pass'e mezo, pass'e mezzo, passing measures, passo e mezo, passomezo, passymeasures. LCCN 86-754078</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pass'e mezo </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passamezzo">passamezzo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pass'e mezzo </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passamezzo">passamezzo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Passecaille </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passacaglia">passacaglia</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Passeo</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#paseo">paseo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="passepied"><B>Passepied/Passepieds</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Hungarian, Italian); <I>use for</I> pasp'e, paspi&eacute;, passe-pied, pass-pi&eacute;.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Passe-pied </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A hREF="#passepied">passepied</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Passing measures </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passamezzo">passamezzo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Passo e mezo </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passamezzo">passamezzo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Passomezo </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passamezzo">passamezzo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pass-pi&eacute; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passepied">passepied</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Passymeasures </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#passamezzo">passamezzo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="pastoral"><B>Pastoral/Pastorals; Pastorale/Pastorales</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); LC uses the spelling with or without the final "e" depending on which spelling the composer used; <I>use for</I> pastoral<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B>, pasztor&aacute;l. LCNAF n81-140255.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pastoral<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#pastoral">pastoral(e)</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Pastourelle</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French); <I>use for</I> instrumental works. LCNAF no97-72987</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pasztor&aacute;l </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#pastoral">pastoral(e)</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="pavan"><B>Pavan/Pavans</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German); <I>use for</I> padovana, paduana, pavana, pavane, pavin. LCNAF n86-856032</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pavana </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Czech, Italian, Polish, Russian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#pavan">pavan</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pavane </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#pavan">pavan</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pavin&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#pavan">pavan</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="pesa"><B>P<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B>esa/P<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B>esy</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Russian); for "piece"; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCNAF n 2001064575</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="pesnia">Pesn</A><B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> as the first word of a composer's distinctive title (e.g., Mussorgsky, Modest Petrovich. [Pesn<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> o blokhe]); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> if a generic title is appropriate.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="pezzo"><B>Pezzo/Pezzi</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); for "piece"; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <a href="#pesa">p</a><b><a href="#miakznak">'</a></b><a href="#pesa">esa</a>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>. <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCNAF n 84038588</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Pezzo da concierto</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Phancy </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fancy">fancy</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Phansie </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#fancy">fancy</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="phantasie"><B>Phantasie/Phantasien</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#fantaisie">fantaisie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasia (english)">fantasia</A> (English), <A HREF="#fantasia (italian)">fantasia</A> (Italian), <A HREF="#fantasia(spanish)">fantas&iacute;a</A>, <A HREF="#fantasie">Fantasie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasio">fantasio</A>, <A HREF="#fantasy">fantasy</A>, <A HREF="#phantasy">phantasy</A>. LCNAF n81-133005</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="phantasy"><B>Phantasy/Phantasies</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#fantaisie">fantaisie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasia (english)">fantasia</A> (English), <A HREF="#fantasia (italian)">fantasia</A> (Italian), <A HREF="#fantasia(spanish)">fantas&iacute;a</A>, <A HREF="#fantasie">Fantasie</A>, <A HREF="#fantasio">fantasio</A>, <A HREF="#fantasy">fantasy</A>, <A HREF="#phantasie">Phantasie</A>. LCCN 95-751865</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="piece"><B>Piece/Pieces</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <a href="#pesa">p</a><b><a href="#miakznak">'</a></b><a href="#pesa">esa</a>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCCN 89750307</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="pi&egrave;ce"><B>Pi&egrave;ce/Pi&egrave;ces</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); for "piece"; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <a href="#pesa">p</a><b><a href="#miakznak">'</a></b><a href="#pesa">esa</a>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCNAF n 89628259</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Pi&egrave;ce de concert</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="pieza"><B>Pieza/Piezas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); for "piece"; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <a href="#pesa">p</a><b><a href="#miakznak">'</a></b><a href="#pesa">esa</a>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCNAF n 88000910</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Pieza da concerto</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="pisen">Pisen/Pisne</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Czech); <I>use for</I> vocal works of this type in Czech; <I>see</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> for treatment; when an instrumental work is titled "Pisen," treat this title as distinctive. <I>Use for</I> specific collections, e.g., Klein, Gideon. [Pisne, op. 1], Kr&aacute;sa, Hans [Pisne, clarinet, viola, violoncello acc.] or as the first word of a composer's distinctive title, e.g., Martin&#367;, Bohuslav&nbsp;[Pisne o Marii]. For miscellaneous collections use "<A HREF="#song">song</A>", e.g. [Songs. Selections] LCNAF n94-95182</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Piva/Pive</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Italian); a 15th- and 16th-century Italian dance. LCNAF no2004-15246</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Poem</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 91-752983</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Poema</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish) LCCN 87-770352</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Poema</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian) LCCN 84-755042</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Po<B>&#279;</B>ma</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Russian) LCCN 91-105497</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><A name="poemasinfonicoita"><B>Poema sinfonico/Poemi sinfonici</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (Italian); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#poemasinfonicospa">poema sinf&oacute;nico</A>, <A HREF="#poemesymphonique">po&egrave;me symphonique</A>, <A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema">simfonicheska</A><A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A><A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema"> po&#279;ma</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischedichtung">sinfonische Dichtung</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischegedichte">sinfonische Gedicht</A>, <A HREF="#symphonicpoem">symphonic poem</A> <A HREF="#symphonischedichtung">symphonische Dichtung</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><A name="poemasinfonicospa"><B>Poema sinf&oacute;nico/Poemas sinf&oacute;nicos</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#poemasinfonicoita">poema sinfonico</A>, <A HREF="#poemesymphonique">po&egrave;me symphonique</A>, <A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema">simfonicheska</A><A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A><A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema"> po&#279;ma</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischedichtung">sinfonische Dichtung</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischegedichte">sinfonische Gedicht</A>, <A HREF="#symphonicpoem">symphonic poem</A> <A HREF="#symphonischedichtung">symphonische Dichtung</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Poemat</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Polish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Po&egrave;me</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><A name="poemesymphonique"><B>Po&egrave;me symphonique/Po&egrave;mes symphoniques</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#poemasinfonicoita">po&#279;ma sinfonico</A>, <A HREF="#poemasinfonicospa">poema sinf&oacute;nico</A>, <A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema">simfonicheska</A><A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A><A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema"> po&#279;ma</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischedichtung">sinfonische Dichtung</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischegedichte">sinfonische Gedicht</A>, <A HREF="#symphonicpoem">symphonic poem</A>, <A HREF="#symphonischedichtung">symphonische Dichtung</A>. LCNAF no2006099804</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="polacca"><B>Polacca/Polaccas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); an Italianate piece in the style of a polonaise. Sufficiently individualized not to be considered a strict cognate. LCCN 87-181417</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Polca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#polka">polka</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="polka"><B>Polka/Polkas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Polish); <I>use for</I> polca, pol<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B>ka. LCNAF n00-114685</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pol<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B>ka </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#polka">polka</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="polonaise"><B>Polonaise/Polonaises</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> Polon&auml;se, polonesa, polonese, polonez. <I>Do not use for</I> <A HREF="#polacca">Polacca</A>. LCNAF n92-10619</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Polon&auml;se </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#polonaise">polonaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Polonesa </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#polonaise">polonaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Polonese </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#polonaise">polonaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Polonez </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#polonaise">polonaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Popurri </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#potpourri">potpourri</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Popurr&iacute; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#potpourri">potpourri</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Posludio </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#postlude">postlude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Postl<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>di<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#postlude">postlude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="postlude"&lt;B><B>Postlude/Postludes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> posludio, postl<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>di<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, postludio, Postludium. LCCN 95-702752</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Postludio </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#postlude">postlude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Postludium </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German, Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#postlude">postlude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="potpourri"><B>Potpourri/Potpourris</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Hungarian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> popurri, popurr&iacute;. LCNAF n94-98694</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Pot-pourri/Pot-pourris</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French, Italian) LCCN 86-743125</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Praeambulum/Praeambula</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin) LCCN 89-750965</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Praeludium </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#prelude">prelude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pr&auml;ludium </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#prelude">prelude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Prel<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>d </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#prelude">prelude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Prel<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>di<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#prelude">prelude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="prelude"><B>Prelude/Preludes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> Praeludium, Pr&auml;ludium, prel<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>d, prel<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>di<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, pr&eacute;lude, preludio, preludium, preludjum. NOTE: Liszt's tone poem entitled <I>Les pr&eacute;ludes</I> is not to be considered as a type (<I>see </I><A HREF="#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10</A>) LCNAF n88-621625</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Pr&eacute;lude </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#prelude">prelude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="preludedechoral"><B>Pr&eacute;lude de choral/Pr&eacute;ludes de chorals</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; apply 25.30B1a: do not add a statement of medium of performance if the medium is implied by the title. Implied medium: organ; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#chorale prelude">chorale prelude</A>, <A HREF="#choralvorspiel">Choralvorspiel</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Preludio </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#prelude">prelude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Preludium </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Czech, Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#prelude">prelude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Preludjum </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Polish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#prelude">prelude</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Presto/Prestos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n84-43349</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Processional/Processionals</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n 2006078119</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Prolog</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German, Hungarian, Russian); <I>use for</I> independent pieces so named. For prologues that are part of a larger work, follow rule 25.32.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Prologo</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> independent pieces so named. For prologues that are part of a larger work, follow rule 25.32.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Prologue</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> independent prologues. For prologues that are part of a larger work, follow rule 25.32. LCNAF n89-754755</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="psalm"><B>Psalm/Psalms</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Russian); for vocal works only; distinctive title for instrumental works; <I>use</I> in the language of the original and in the singular if a single psalm is qualified in a title by the number of the psalm. Give the numeral in the numerical system used by the composer (e.g., [Psalm 116], [Psaume XLVII], [Salmo XIX]). If a composer used the single title "psalms" (or its cognates) for several psalms without indication of psalm numbers or grouped several psalms in one publication (whether psalm numbers are indicated or not), <I>use </I>the English plural form and (if necessary to distinguish from other psalms), the qualifying statement that best facilitates a logical arrangement of entries (e.g., Head, Michael. [Psalms], Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Felix. [Psalms, op. 78], Holst, Gustav. [Psalms, mixed voices, string orchestra]). <I>Use for</I> psalmo, psalmus, psaume, salmo, &#382;alm. LCNAF n82-42547; LCNAF n83-163693</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Psalmo </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#psalm">psalm</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Psalmus </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Latin); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#psalm">psalm</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Psaume </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#psalm">psalm</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="Q">Q</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Quadriglia </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quadrille">quadrille</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="quadrille"><B>Quadrille/Quadrilles</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); popular 19th-century ballroom dance; <I>use</I> for cuadrilla, kadril<A HREF="#miakznak">'</A>, quadriglia. LCNAF no98-7167</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><A NAME="quadro">Quadro</A></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English, German); when a work for four instruments or voices, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quartet">quartet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="quartet"><B>Quartet/Quartets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> cuarteto, kvartet, <A HREf="#quadro">quadro</A>, Quartett, quartetto, quatuor. LCNAF n84-88603</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Quartet movement</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN no 99026255</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Quartett </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quartet">quartet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Quartettino/Quartettinos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); because titles like Terzettino, Quartettino, Quintettino, etc. do not include the words trio, quartet, quintet, etc., rule 25.30B3 cannot be applied; LCCN 85-751084</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Quartetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quartet">quartet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Quartettsatz</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCCN n 2004070757</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Quatuor </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quartet">quartet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="quintet"><B>Quintet/Quintets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> kvintet, quinteto, Quintett, quintette, quintetto. LCNAF n83-176166</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Quinteto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quintet">quintet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Quintett </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quintet">quintet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Quintette </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quintet">quintet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Quintettino/Quintettinos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); because titles like Terzettino, Quartettino, Quintettino, etc. do not include the words trio, quartet, quintet, etc., rule 25.30B3 cannot be applied; LCCN 95-754183</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Quintetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#quintet">quintet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="quodlibet"><B>Quodlibet/Quodlibets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> kvodlibet. LCCN 85-754103</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="R">R</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Rag/Rags</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rapsodia </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rhapsody">rhapsody</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rapsodie </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rhapsody">rhapsody</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rapsodi<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rhapsody">rhapsody</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Recercada </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#ricercare">ricercare</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Recessional/Recessionals</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English) LCCN 94703730</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Rechitativ</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#recitative">recitative</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>R&eacute;cit/R&eacute;cits</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (French); a generic term used in France during the 17th and 18th centuries for fragments or entire compositions for solo voice and, by extension, for solo instrument; also used as a title for an organ piece with a distinct melodic part, as opposed to earlier, contrapuntal organ music; <I>use for</I> works for solo instrument with or without acc.; distinctive when the title means "story" or "narrative." LCNAF n 89629002</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>R&eacute;citatif</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#recitative">recitative</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="recitative">Recitative/Recitatives</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use for</I> both instrumental and vocal works; <I>use for</I> rechitativ, r&eacute;citatif, recitativo, Rezitativ. LCCN 87-770023</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Recitativo </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#recitative">recitative</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rekviem </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#requiem">requiem</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="requiem"><B>Requiem/Requiems</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>); <I>use for</I> Rekviem. LCCN 86-753798</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Retornelo</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish); used as an introduction or interlude to a Baroque aria or concerto. <I>Do not treat</I> as a type of composition.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rezitativ </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#recitative">recitative</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rhapsodie </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rhapsody">rhapsody</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="rhapsody"><B>Rhapsody/Rhapsodies</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> rapsodia, rapsodie, rapsodi<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, Rhapsodie.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Rhumba</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rumba">rumba</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Ricercar </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#ricercare">ricercare</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><A name="ricercare"><B>Ricercare/Ricercars/Ricercari</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian); generally, a type of instrumental piece common during the 16th and 17th centuries; because there is no single accepted English form of name for either the singular or plural of this type, <I>use</I> the form used by the composer and maintain that form throughout for that composer; if the composer used no plural form, use Ricercars; <I>use for</I> recercada, Ricercar, richerkar. LCCN 84-757355</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Richerkar </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#ricercare">ricercare</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rigadoon </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rigaudon">rigaudon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="rigaudon"><B>Rigaudon/Rigaudons</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French, German, Hungarian); <I>use for</I> rigadoon, rigodon, rigod&oacute;n. LCCN 85-752971</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rigodon </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rigaudon">rigaudon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rigod&oacute;n </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rigaudon">rigaudon</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Ritornello/Ritornelli</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n00-67406</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Ritournelle/Ritournelles</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French) LCNAF n2004-75913</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> R&#337;gt&#337;nz&eacute;s </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#improvisation">improvisation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="romance"><B>Romance/Romances</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, Spanish); a 16th- to 17th-century Spanish ballade (also <A HREF="#romanzaspa">Romanza</A>), an 18th-century French song, and a 19th-century instrumental work. If an instrumental work, <I>use</I> the English form. <I>Use for</I> instrumental works titled romans, Romanza, romanze. LCNAF n87-121520. If a vocal work, <I>use</I> the form of the language of the text; <I>see also</I> <A HREf="#romans">romans</A>, <A HREf="#romanzaita">romanza</A> (Italian), <A HREf="#romanzaspa">romanza</A> (Spanish), <A HREf="#romanze">Romanze</A>; when in English, apply 25.30B8 and name the type of solo voice. LCNAF no00-60406</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="romans">Romans</A>/Romansy</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Russian); solo vocal form. <I>See</I> "<A HREF="#song">song</A>" for treatment; LCNAF n94-102950. When an instrumental work, <I>use</I> <A HREf="#romance">romance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="romanzaita">Romanza</A>/Romanze</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); solo vocal form. <I>See</I> "<A HREF="#song">song</A>" for treatment; LCNAF n2003-84617. When an instrumental work, <I>use</I> <A HREf="#romance">romance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="romanzaspa">Romanza</A>/Romanzas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); solo vocal form. <I>See</I> "<A HREF="#song">song</A>" for treatment. When an instrumental work, <I>use</I> <A HREf="#romance">romance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="romanze">Romanze</A>/Romanzen</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); solo vocal form. <I>See</I> "<A HREF="#song">song</A>" for treatment; LCNAF no98-1957. When an instrumental work, <I>use</I> <A HREf="#romance">romance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Romanzetta/Romanzettas</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); <I>use for</I> both vocal and instrumental works.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Rondeau/Rondeaux</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> as a type only for the "form fixe" vocal work of the 13th to 15th centuries, and as the refrain form used in the suites of the Baroque era. If encountered as the French variant of the repeat form of the late 18th and 19th centuries, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rondo">rondo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Rondel</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCNAF n94-26598</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Rondino/Rondinos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n78-61506</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="rondo"><B>Rondo/Rondos</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> rond&oacute;, rond&ograve;, Rundgesang. LCNAF n82-140142</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rond&oacute; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rondo">rondo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rond&ograve; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rondo">rondo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Rondoletto/Rondolettos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCCN 99-385075</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B><A NAME="round">Round/Rounds</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English); a short perpetual canon in which all the parts sound at the same pitch or at an octave to it. LCNAF n 2003085548</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B><A NAME="rumba">Rumba/Rumbas</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish); a popular recreational dance of Afro-Cuban origin, in syncopated duple metre with a repetitive melody and an ostinato one-bar rhythmic pattern played in the accompaniment; <I>use for</I> rhumba. LCNAF n 2001063996</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Rundgesang </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#rondo">rondo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="S">S</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Salmo </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>see</I> <A HREF="#psalm">psalm</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Saltarelle </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#saltarello">saltarello</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="saltarello"><B>Saltarello/Saltarellos</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> saltarelle, sal<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B>tarello, saltarelo. LCCN 2001-542442</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sal<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B>tarello </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#saltarello">saltarello</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Saltarelo </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#saltarello">saltarello</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Salve Regina</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>) LCNAF n83-163506</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Samba/Sambas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish) LCCN 86-752077</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="sanctus">Sanctus</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="saraband"><B>Saraband/Sarabands</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> sarabanda, Sarabande, zarabanda. LCNAF n87-103646</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sarabanda </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#saraband">saraband</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sarabande </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#saraband">saraband</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Sardana/Sardanas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish) LCNAF n83-67011</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="satz"><B>Satz/S&auml;tze</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> TYPE (German); <I>use for</I> an independent work titled as such, not for individual movements of a larger work; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#chast">chast</A><A HREF="#miakznak"><B>'</B></A>, <A HREF="#mouvement">mouvement</A>, <A HREF="#movement">movement</A>, <A HREF="#movimento">movimento</A>, <A HREF="#movimiento">movimiento</A>, <A HREF="#satz">Satz</A>, <A HREF="#tetel">t&eacute;tel</A>. LCNAF n87-136299</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Scherzando/Scherzandos</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish) LCNAF n 2004144266</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Scherzettino/Scherzettinos</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF no2011038325</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Scherzetto/Scherzetti</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n83-121492</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Scherzino/Scherzinos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> English, Italian) LCNAF n00-67394.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="scherzo"><B>Scherzo/Scherzos</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> sker<B><A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#engsmts">ts</A></B>o, squerzo.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Schottische </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#ecossaise">ecossaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Scozzese </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#ecossaise">ecossaise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Seguidilla/Seguidillas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); <I>use</I> "Seguidilla/Seguidillas" and medium statement for vocal works. For an instrumental work, consider it a dance and <I>use</I> the plural form of the term, "Seguidillas," for both singular and plural forms, with medium statement.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sekstet </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#sextet">sextet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="septet"><B>Septet/Septets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Russian); <I>use for</I> septeto, Septett, septimino, septuor, settimino. LCNAF n82-130965</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Septeto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#septet">septet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Septett </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#septet">septet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Septimino </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#septet">septet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Septuor </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#septet">septet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Serenada </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#serenade">serenade</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><A NAME="serenade"><B>Serenade/Serenades</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, French); instrumental composition of the 18th and 19th centuries; <I>use for</I> serenada, serenata; for vocal works titled serenata, <I>see</I> <A HREF="#serenata">serenata</A>; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#seresta">seresta</A>, <A HREF="#standchen">St&auml;ndchen</A>. LCNAF n 81112131</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><A NAME="serenata"><B>Serenata/Serenatas</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Italian); a 17th- and 18th-century dramatic cantata-like vocal work for two or more singers and orchestra, performed at court or at the home of an aristocratic family. LCNAF no2007039286; for instrumental works titled serenata, <I>see</I> <A HREF="#serenade">serenade</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="seresta">Seresta/Serestas</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Portuguese); the title means "serenade"; use this form for both instrumental and vocal works when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#serenade">serenade</A>. LCNAF no2004120758</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Service/Services</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); a term used in the Anglican liturgy to refer to musical settings of the canticles for Matins (Morning prayer) and Evensong, and of certain parts of the Communion service; apply 25.30B1 and do not normally include a statement of medium of performance; regard any title in which "service" is modified by something other than medium or key as distinctive.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sestetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#sextet">sextet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Set/Sets</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n98-64541</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Setting</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 88-754240</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Settimino </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#septet">septet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Sevillana/Sevillanas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish) LCNAF n2002-69321</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="sextet"><B>Sextet/Sextets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> sekstet, sestetto, sexteto, Sextett, sextuor. LCNAF n85-204021</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sexteto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#sextet">sextet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sextett </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#sextet">sextet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sextuor </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#sextet">sextet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="siciliana"><B>Siciliana/Sicilianas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> ciciliano, sicilien, siciliene, sicilienne, siciliano, si<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>il<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>na, siziliano. LCNAF n92-26301</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Siciliano </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#siciliana">siciliana</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sicilien </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#siciliana">siciliana</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Siciliene </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#siciliana">siciliana</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sicilienne </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#siciliana">siciliana</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><A name="simfonischeskaiapoema"><B>Simfonicheska<A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A> po&#279;ma/Simfonicheskie po&#279;my</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (Russian); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#poemasinfonicoita">poema sinfonico</A>, <A HREF="#poemasinfonicospa">poema sinf&oacute;nico</A>, <A HREF="#poemesymphonique">po&egrave;me symphonique</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischedichtung">sinfonische Dichtung</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischegedichte">sinfonische Gedicht</A>, <A HREF="#symphonicpoem">symphonic poem</A>, <A HREF="#symphonischedichtung">symphonische Dichtung</A>. LCNAF no 98119131</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Simfoni<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#symphony">symphony</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Simfonietta</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#sinfonietta">sinfonietta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Simphonie </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#symphony">symphony</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="simphonie concertante"><B>Simphonie concertante/Simphonies concertantes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#sinfonia concertante">sinfonia concertante</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonie concertante">sinfonie concertante</A>, <A HREF="#symphonie concertante">symphonie concertante</A>. LCNAF n86-871273</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Simphonietta</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#sinfonietta">sinfonietta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Simphony </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Variant spelling of symphony; <I>use</I> <A HREF="#symphony"> symphony</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="sinfonia"><B>Sinfonia/Sinfonie</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); cognate for symphony. When the term represents the multi-movement work of the 18th to 20th centuries, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#symphony">symphony</A>. NOTE: the term also represents several separate types of Italian Baroque compositions, one of which (the tri-partite opera overture) was one of the precursors of the modern symphony. When used to represent any of these Baroque compositions, the term should not be normalized to symphony; <I>use</I> sinfonia/sinfonie. However, the German "<A HREF="#sinfonie">Sinfonie</A>" (plural is Sinfonien) (a cognate of symphony) should be normalized to symphony. LCNAF n88-609341</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="sinfonia concertante"><B>Sinfonia concertante/Sinfonie concertanti</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#simphonie concertante">simphonie concertante</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonie concertante">sinfonie concertante</A>, <A HREF="#symphonie concertante">symphonie concertante</A>. LCNAF n87-105768</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Sinfonia da camera</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English, Italian) LCNAF n 2006074405</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="sinfonie">Sinfonie</A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> The German cognate for symphony and the Italian plural of sinfonia. When it represents the 18th- to 20th-century multi-movement work <I>use</I> <A HREF="#symphony">symphony</A>. When it represents the plural of the Italian Baroque sinfonia, <I>use</I> "<A HREF="#sinfonia">Sinfonie</A>".</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="sinfonie concertante"><B>Sinfonie concertante/Sinfonies concertantes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#simphonie concertante">simphonie concertante</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonia concertante">sinfonia concertante</A>, <A HREF="#symphonie concertante">symphonie concertante</A>. LCCN 93-711493</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Sinfonie da camera</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n 85105937</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A NAME="sinfonietta">Sinfonietta</A>/Sinfoniettas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Italian); apply 25.30B1a; <I>use</I> <I>for</I> simfonietta, simphonietta, symfoni<A HREf="types.htm#engsmie">ie</A>ta, symphonietta, symphoniette. LCNAF n96-37352</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><A name="sinfonischedichtung"><B>Sinfonische Dichtung/Sinfonische Dichtungen</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#poemasinfonicoita">poema sinfonico</A>, <A HREF="#poemasinfonicospa">poema sinf&oacute;nico</A>, <A HREF="#poemesymphonique">po&egrave;me symphonique</A>, <A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema">simfonicheska</A><A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A><A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema"> po&#279;ma</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischegedichte">sinfonische Gedicht</A>, <A HREF="#symphonicpoem">symphonic poem</A>, <A HREF="#symphonischedichtung">symphonische Dichtung</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><A name="sinfonischegedichte"><B>Sinfonische Gedicht/Sinfonische Gedichte</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#poemasinfonicoita">poema sinfonico</A>, <A HREF="#poemasinfonicospa">poema sinf&oacute;nico</A>, <A HREF="#poemesymphonique">po&egrave;me symphonique</A>, <A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema">simfonicheska</A><A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A><A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema"> po&#279;ma</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischedichtung">sinfonische Dichtung</A>, <A HREF="#symphonicpoem">symphonic poem</A>, <A HREF="#symphonischedichtung">symphonische Dichtung</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Si<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>il<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>na </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#siciliana">siciliana</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> S<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>ita&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#suite">suite</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Siziliano </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#siciliana">siciliana</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sker<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>o </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#scherzo">scherzo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Sketch</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCCN 84-759279</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Skizze</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German); for "sketch". LCCN 86-754441</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="skladba"><B>Skladba/Skladby</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Czech); for "piece"; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <a href="#pesa">p</a><b><a href="#miakznak">'</a></b><a href="#pesa">esa</a>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCCN 91752182</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Solo/Solos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); probably not used in other languages as a type of composition. "In 18th-century English terminology, 'solo' as the designation for a piece of music for a melody instrument with continuo accompaniment was virtually equivalent to 'sonata' and was often so used in titles"--New Grove. LCNAF n88-676840</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Solo de concours</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCNAF n 97095250</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Solo piece</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCNAF no 99035859</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Solost&uuml;ck</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCNAF n 00073633</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Solostykke</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Danish, Norwegian)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A name="son">Son</A>/Sones</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); a generic term for Latin American rural or peasant music, both vocal and instrumental, in various forms; an unequal triple rhythm (sesquialtera) is a common feature.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="sonata"><B>Sonata/Sonatas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> sonate. LCNAF n89-605155</FONT> <P> <DT> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Sonata da camera</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English, French, Italian, Spanish) LCNAF no98-60604</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A NAME="sonatadachiesa">Sonata</A> da chiesa</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian); a Baroque instrumental work, often in 4 movements that replaced the organ solos that had regularly been substituted for elements of the Proper at Mass and Vespers. LCNAF no2002029071.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Sonata de c&aacute;mara</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sonata en trio </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#trio sonata">trio sonata</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Sonata movement/Sonata movements</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n2005-10688</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sonate </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#sonata">sonata</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Sonate all'epistola</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A href="#epistlesonata">epistle sonata</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Sonate da camera</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian) LCCN 97-708718</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Sonate de chambre</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sonate en trio </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#trio sonata">trio sonata</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Sonatensatz/Sonatens&auml;tze</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (German) LCNAF n2004-79718</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Sonatille/Sonatilles</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, French); a type of "mini sonata." LCNAF no2008137287</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="sonatina"><B>Sonatina/Sonatinas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> Sonatine. LCNAF n82-116353</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Sonatina da camera</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian) LCCN 2008365343</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sonatine </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#sonatina">sonatina</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="sonatinetta"><B>Sonatinetta/Sonatinettas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian); <I>use for</I> sonatinette. LCCN 96-704336</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Sonatinette </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#sonatinetta">Sonatinetta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="song"><B>Song/Songs</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> vocal works of this type in English; when an instrumental work is titled "Song," treat this title as distinctive. For vocal works, apply 25.30B1 a): do not add a medium of performance for works with the initial title element Songs, Lieder, etc. unless it differs from the implied medium of solo voice(s) with acc. for keyboard instrument (this does not apply to songs in a popular medium). Apply 25.30B10: accompaniment for works with the initial title element Songs, Lieder, etc.: when the work is accompanied by any medium other than a keyboard instrument, add the name(s) of the instrument(s) followed by "acc." If the work is unaccompanied, add "unacc." as the medium of performance. Use only for miscellaneous sets, e.g., [Songs], [Songs. Selections] and specific collections, e.g., [Songs, op. 14], [Songs. op. 56. Maid sings light]. For other languages <I>see</I> <A HREF="types.htm#cancion">canci&oacute;n</A>, <A HREF="types.htm#canzone">canzone</A>, <A HREF="types.htm#chanson">chanson</A>, <A HREf="types.htm#dal">dal</A>, <A HREF="types.htm#gesang">Gesang</A>, <A HREf="#laulu" >laulu</A>, <A HREF="types.htm#lied">Lied</A>, <A HREF="types.htm#melodie">melodie</A>, <A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema">simfonicheska</A><A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A><A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema"> po&#279;ma</A>, <A HREF="types.htm#pisen">pisen</A>, <A HREF="types.htm#romance">romance</A>. LCNAF n85-139914</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Sortie</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCCN 90-751474</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Sortsiko</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#zortzico">zortzico</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="sousedska"><B>Sousedsk&aacute;/Sousedsky</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Czech) LCCN 96-752783</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Spielmusik</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German) LCNAF n92-55877</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Spirichu&#279;l</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A href="#spiritual">spiritual</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A NAME="spiritual">Spiritual/Spirituals</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (English); a type of folksong that originated in American revivalist activity between 1740 and the close of the 19th century; treat as a type for vocal works; <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> for instrumental works; <I>use for</I> spirichu&#279;l. LCNAF no2008185915</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Squerzo</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (Portuguese); <I>use</I> <A href="#scherzo">scherzo</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Stabat Mater</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>) LCCN 89755320</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Stampita</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">(Italian); <I>use</I> <A href="#estampie">estampie</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="standchen">St&auml;ndchen</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (German); the title meaning "serenade" often given to multi-movement instrumental compositions; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; possibly distinctive when a vocal work; <I>see also</I> <A HREf="#serenade">serenade</A>. LCNAF n 95027103</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="stuck"><B>St&uuml;ck/St&uuml;cke</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <a href="#pesa">p</a><b><a href="#miakznak">'</a></b><a href="#pesa">esa</a>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCNAF n 89626896</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="stuk"><B>Stuk/Stukken</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Dutch); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <A HREF="#pesa">p</A><B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B><A HREF="#pesa">esa</A>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCNAF n 2002070083</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="studie"><B>Studie/Studien</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#estudio">estudio</A>, <a href="#etiud">&#279;t</a><A HREF="types.htm#engsmiu"><B>iu</B></A><A HREF="#etiud">d</A>, <A HREF="#etude">etude</A>, <A HREF="#acutetude">&eacute;tude</A>, <A HREF="#et&uuml;de">Et&uuml;de</A>, <A HREF="#gyakorlat">gyakorlat</A>, <A HREF="#studio">studio</A>, <A HREF="#study">study</A>. LCNAF n 80125202</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="studio"><B>Studio/Studi</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#estudio">estudio</A>, <a href="#etiud">&#279;t</a><A HREF="types.htm#engsmiu"><B>iu</B></A><A HREF="#etiud">d</A>, <A HREF="#etude">etude</A>, <A HREF="#acutetude">&eacute;tude</A>, <A HREF="#et&uuml;de">Et&uuml;de</A>, <A HREF="#gyakorlat">gyakorlat</A>, <A HREF="#studie">studie</A>, <A HREF="#study">study</A>. LCCN 86-752847</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="study"><B>Study/Studies</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#estudio">estudio</A>, <a href="#etiud">&#279;t</a><A HREF="types.htm#engsmiu"><B>iu</B></A><A HREF="#etiud">d</A>, <A HREF="#etude">etude</A>, <A HREF="#acutetude">&eacute;tude</A>, <A HREF="#et&uuml;de">Et&uuml;de</A>, <A HREF="#gyakorlat">gyakorlat</A>, <A HREF="#studie">studie</A>, <A HREF="#studio">studio</A>. LCNAF n 84164408</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="stuk"><B>Stuk/Stukken</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Dutch); <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pesa">p</A><B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B><A HREF="#pesa">esa</A>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>, <A HREF="#utwor">utw&oacute;r</A>. LCNAF n 80071601</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="suite"><B>Suite/Suites</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> s<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>ita. LCNAF n 89637546</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Symfoni<A HREf="types.htm#engsmie">ie</A>ta </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#sinfonietta">sinfonietta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Symphonette/Symphonettes</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English); apply 25.30B1a: add a statement of medium of performance only when not for the implied medium of orchestra. </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A name="symphonicpoem">Symphonic poem/Symphonic poems</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#poemasinfonicoita">poema sinfonico</A>, <A HREF="#poemasinfonicospa">poema sinf&oacute;nico</A>, <A HREF="#poemesymphonique">po&egrave;me symphonique</A>, <A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema">simfonicheska</A><A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A><A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema"> po&#279;ma</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischedichtung">sinfonische Dichtung</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischegedichte">sinfonische Gedicht</A>, <A HREF="#symphonischedichtung">symphonische Dichtung</A></B>. LCNAF n 87112718</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Symphonie </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French, German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#symphony">symphony</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="symphonie concertante"><B>Symphonie concertante/Symphonies concertantes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#simphonie concertante">simphonie concertante</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonia concertante">sinfonia concertante</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonie concertante">sinfonie concertante</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Symphonie de chambre</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French) LCNAF n 2007026995</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Symphonietta </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#sinfonietta">sinfonietta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Symphoniette</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English, French); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#sinfonietta">sinfonietta</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><A name="symphonischedichtung"><B>Symphonische Dichtung/Symphonische Dichtungen</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use</I> when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#poemasinfonicoita">poema sinfonico</A>, <A HREF="#poemasinfonicospa">poema sinf&oacute;nico</A>, <A HREF="#poemesymphonique">po&egrave;me symphonique</A>, <A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema">simfonicheska</A><A HREF="#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A><A HREF="#simfonischeskaiapoema"> po&#279;ma</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischedichtung">sinfonische Dichtung</A>, <A HREF="#sinfonischegedichte">sinfonische Gedicht</A>, <A HREF="#symphonicpoem">symphonic poem</A>.</FONT><P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="symphony"><B>Symphony/Symphonies</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); form of the multi-movement work of the 18th to 20th centuries; <I>use for</I> simfoni<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, Simphonie, Simphony, Symphonie, and (when this type of composition) for the Italian "sinfonia" and the German "Sinfonie". However, the Italian Baroque "<A HREF="#sinfonia">sinfonia</A>" (plural, Sinfonie) is a different type of composition and should not be normalized to symphony. LCNAF n 81018172</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="T">T</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Tambourin/Tambourins</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); an 18th-century French dance with a lively melody and regular, static bass simulating a drum, usually in duple meter; found in the theatrical works of Rameau and others and as purely instrumental works.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> T&aacute;nc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#dance">dance</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Taniec&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Polish); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#dance">dance</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Tane<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#dance">dance</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Tango/Tangos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish) LCCN 89-751700</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Tanz&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#dance">dance</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Tarantela </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#tarantella">tarantella</A></FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="tarantella"><B>Tarantella/Tarantellas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German, Italian, English, Russian); <I>use for</I> tarantela, tarentelle, terentelle. LCNAF n 91079971</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Tarentelle </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#tarantella">tarantella</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Te Deum</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Latin); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#note3">note 3</A>) LCNAF n 90600393</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Tema&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian, Spanish, Russian); <I>use only</I> as the first word of a combination title (e.g., [Tema con variazioni ...]). When it occurs alone, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#theme">theme</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Tentet </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (English); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#decet">decet</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Terentelle </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Variant spelling of tarantella/tarentelle; <I>use</I> <A HREF="#tarantella">tarantella</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Terzett </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#trio">trio</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Terzettino/Terzettinos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian); because titles like Terzettino, Quartettino, Quintettino, etc. do not include the words trio, quartet, quintet, etc., rule 25.30B3 cannot be applied; for terzetto <I>use</I> <A HREf="#trio">trio</A>; LCNAF no 97081834</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Terzetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#trio">trio</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="tetel"><B>T&eacute;tel/T&eacute;telek</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Hungarian); for "movement"; usually refers to an independent work entitled as such, not for individual movements of a larger work; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#chast">chast</A><A HREF="#miakznak"><B>'</B></A>, <A HREF="#mouvement">mouvement</A>, <A HREF="#movimento">movimento</A>, <A HREF="#movimiento">movimiento</A>, <A HREF="#satz">Satz</A>. LCCN 86-751737</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Thema </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use only</I> as the first word of a combination title (e.g., [Thema und Variationen ...]). When it occurs alone, use <A HREF="#theme">theme</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="theme"><B>Theme/Themes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); generally <I>use</I> in combination with the term "variations"; in such a case <I>use</I> the language of the original title and treat the resulting phrase as a type of composition (e.g., [Theme and variations, piano], [Th&egrave;me et variations, orchestra], [Thema und Variationen, guitar], [Tema con variazioni, violin, piano]). It should also be considered as a type of composition on the rare occasion when it occurs alone. In this case <I>use</I> the English form; <I>use for</I> tema, Thema, th&egrave;me. LCCN 98-6647; 83-73208</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Th&egrave;me </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use only</I> as the first word of a combination title (e.g., [Th&egrave;me et variations, orchestra]). When it occurs alone, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#theme">theme</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Tiento/Tientos</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Spanish)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Tocata </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#toccata">toccata</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="toccata"><B>Toccata/Toccatas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> tocata, tokkata. LCNAF n 80151141</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="toccatella">Toccatella</A>/Toccatellas</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian); <I>use for</I> toccatelle. LCCN 96700777</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Toccatelle</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(French); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#toccatella">toccatella</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Toccatina/Toccatinas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n 99834029</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Tokkata </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#toccata">toccata</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Tonadilla/Tonadillas</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Spanish) LCCN 95-703482</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Tone poem </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> For collections of a composer's works in this genre, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#symphonic poems">symphonic poems</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A NAME="toy">Toy</A>/Toys</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (English); a short, light piece for lute or virginal, simple in form and light in texture; <I>use for</I> 16th- and 17th century works; for post-17th-century works, treat the term as distinctive.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Toye</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (English); <I>use</I> <A href="#toy">toy</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="trio"><B>Trio/Trios</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish); <I>use for</I> Terzett, terzetto. LCNAF n 87151624</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="trio sonata"><B>Trio sonata/Trio sonatas</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> sonata en trio, sonate en trio, trio-sonata, Triosonate. LCNAF n 87802965</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Trio-sonata </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian, Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#trio sonata">trio sonata</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Triosonate </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#trio sonata">trio sonata</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B><A HREF="#triple">Triple</A> concerto</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B> DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCNAF n 91008791</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Triptych</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English) LCNAF n 90625713</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Trumpet tune/Trumpet tunes</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n 2005004323</FONT> <P> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><A HREF="types.htm#engcapts"><B>TS</B></A>apateado</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#zapateado">zapateado</A>. </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Tune/Tunes</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n 78067341</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="U">U</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B><A NAME="ubung">&Uuml;bung</A>/&Uuml;bungen</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (German); treat as a type of composition when the term is used to mean "study," "etude," etc.; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#ejercicio">ejercicio</A>, <A HREF="#esercizio">esercizio</A>, <A HREF="#exercice">exercice</A>, <A HREF="#exercise">exercise</A>. LCCN 96706002</FONT><P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Umoresca </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#humoresque">humoresque</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="utwor"><B>Utw&oacute;r/Utwory</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (Polish); for "piece"; <I>use</I> this form when it is the composer's original title; <I>see also</I> <A HREF="#darab">darab</A>, <A HREF="#morceau">morceau</A>, <A HREF="#pala">pala</A>, <a href="#pesa">p</a><b><a href="#miakznak">'</a></b><a href="#pesa">esa</a>, <A HREF="#pezzo">pezzo</A>, <A HREF="#piece">piece</A>, <A HREF="#pi&egrave;ce">pi&egrave;ce</A>, <A HREF="#pieza">pieza</A>, <A HREF="#skladba">skladba</A>, <A HREF="#stuk">stuk</A>, <A HREF="#stuck">St&uuml;ck</A>. LCNAF no2010174179</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Uvert<B><A HREF="#engsmiu">iu</A></B>ra </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#overture">overture</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Uwertura </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Polish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#overture">overture</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="V">V</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Val<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B>s&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#waltz">waltz</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Vals&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#waltz">waltz</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Valse&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#waltz">waltz</A>. Note: Ravel's <I>La valse</I> is to be considered distinctive (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10</A>)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Valzer </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#waltz">waltz</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Variaci&oacute;n </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#variation">variation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="variant">Variant</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (English); for works not in the form of variations, <I>use</I> this form; LCCN 97-700369; for works in the form of variations, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#variation">variation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="variante">Variante</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (French); for works not in the form of variations, <I>use</I> this form; LCCN 87-754231; for works in the form of variations, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#variation">variation</A>. </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="varianten">Varianten</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German); for works not in the form of variations, <I>use</I> this form; LCNAF n99-1755; for works in the form of variations, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#variation">variation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="varianti">Varianti</A></B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Italian); for works not in the form of variations, <I>use</I> this form; LCNAF no97-4585; for works in the form of variations, <I>use</I> <A HREF="#variation">variation</A>. LCCN 2002-537041</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="variation"><B>Variation/Variations</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German); <I>use for</I> variaci&oacute;n, <A HREF="#variant">variant</A>, <A HREf="#variante">variante</A>, <A HREf="#varianten">Varianten</A>, <A HREf="#varianti">varianti</A>, varia<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>, variazione, except when the first word of a distinctive title, when used in a combination title (e.g., [Tema e variazione]), or for works not in the form of variations. LCNAF n 81100998</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Varia<B><A HREF="#engsmts">ts</A></B>i<B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#variation">variation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Variazione </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#variation">variation</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>V&aacute;zlatok</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (Hungarian) LCNAF n 81018971</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Ver&auml;nderung/Ver&auml;nderungen</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); treat as a type of composition when the term is used to mean "variations." LCNAF n 94031866</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Vers&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#verset">verset</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="verset"><B>Verset/Versets</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); considered to be a type when written for organ; when written for any other medium, apply <A HREF="#MCD 25.27A1">25.27A1 footnote 10</A>; <I>use for</I> vers, Versett, versetto, versettus, versiculo, verso. LCCN 88-752736</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Versett </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#verset">verset</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Versetto </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#verset">verset</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Versettus </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Hungarian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#verset">verset</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Versiculo </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#verset">verset</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Verso </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#verset">verset</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Vechern<A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (Russian) <I>use</I> <A HREF="#vespers">vespers</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B><A NAME="vespers">Vesper</A>/Vespers</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> <B>TYPE</B> (English, German); liturgical (<I>see</I> <A href="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#note3">note 3</A>); <I>use for</I> vechern<A HREF="http://www.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/types.htm#engsmia"><B>ia</B></A>, vesperae, v&ecirc;pres, vespro, v&iacute;speras. LCNAF n 2010031927</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Vesperae</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (Latin) <I>use</I> <A HREF="#vespers">vespers</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">V&ecirc;pres</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (French) <I>use</I> <A HREF="#vespers">vespers</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">Vespro</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (Italian) <I>use</I> <A HREF="#vespers">vespers</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">V&iacute;speras</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (Spanish) <I>use</I> <A HREF="#vespers">vespers</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Vil<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B><B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>nsiko </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#villancico">villancico</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="villancico"><B>Villancico/Villancicos</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish); a Spanish vocal work for one or more voices with refrain. <I>Use</I> without specification of medium except in case of conflicts; <I>use for</I> vil<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B><B><A HREF="#engsmia">ia</A></B>nsiko. LCNAF n 81116150</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="villanella"><B>Villanella/Villanelle</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, Italian, Russian, Spanish); a form of "light vocal music popular in Italy and elsewhere from the 1530s to the early 17th century"--New Grove. <I>Use</I> "villanella" for the singular and "villanelle" for the plural. <I>Do not confuse</I> the plural with the French "<A HREF="#villanelle">villanelle</A>." LCNAF no2008153937</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="villanelle"><B>Villanelle/Villanelles</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (French); a 16th- to 17th-century French country dance or song, and an 18th- to 20th-century instrumental piece. <I>Do not confuse </I>with the Italian "<A HREF="#villanella">villanella</A>" (plural "villanelle"). NOTE: Also the German form of "villanella." When found in this context, <I>use</I> the Italian singular and plural forms. LCNAF n 82020271</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Vivace/Vivaces</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Russian) LCCN 84758900</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>Vivo/Vivos</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"><B>TYPE</B> (Italian) LCNAF n 2005024423</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="vocalise"><B>Vocalise/Vocalises</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English, French); <I>use</I> for vocal works of this type; distinctive title for instrumental works. For vocal works, <I>see</I> <A HREF="#song">song</A> for treatment. <I>Use for</I> vocalizaci&oacute;n, vocalizzo, Vokalise, vokaliz. LCNAF n 82217213</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Vocalizaci&oacute;n </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#vocalise">vocalise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Vocalizzo </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Italian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#vocalise">vocalise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Vokalise </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#vocalise">vocalise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Vokaliz </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#vocalise">vocalise</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="volta">Volta</A>/Volte</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (English, German, Italian, Spanish); an early 17th-century dance; <I>use for</I> lavolta, volte (the French singular form of the term)</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Volte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(French); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#volta">volta</A> for the singular form of this term</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Voluntary/Voluntaries</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English) LCNAF n81-24404</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Vorspiel/Vorspiele</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); <I>use for</I> independent works titled as such; when part of a larger work, follow rule 25.32. LCNAF n 82143656</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="W">W</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="waltz"><B>Waltz/Waltzes</B></A> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (English); <I>use for</I> vals, val<B><A HREF="#miakznak">'</A></B>s, valse, valzer, Walzer. Note: Ravel's <I>La valse</I> is to be considered distinctive (<I>see</I> <A HREF="#LCRI25.27A1">LCRI 25.27A1 footnote 10</A>) LCNAF n 89619221</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Walzer </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#waltz">waltz</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Wiegenlied</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>DISTINCTIVE</B> (German); LCNAF n 80097108</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="X">X</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2">X&aacute;cara</FONT> <DD> <FONT face="Verdana" size="2"> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A href="#jacara">j&aacute;cara</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> </FONT> <H3> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A NAME="Z">Z</A> </FONT> </H3> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> &#381;alm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Czech); <I>see</I> <A HREF="#psalm">psalm</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B><A NAME="zapateado">Zapateado</A>/Zapateados</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); a solo dance in triple time in which rhythm is marked by stamping of the heels; <I>use for</I> <a href="types.htm#engcapts"><b>ts</b></a>apateado, zapateao. </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Zapateao</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>(Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#zapateado">zapateado</A>. </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Zarabanda </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#saraband">saraband</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Zhiga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Russian); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#gigue">gigue</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Zorcico</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#zortzico">zortzico</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Zortciko</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (Spanish); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#zortzico">zortzico</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><A NAMe="zortzico"><B>Zortzico/Zortzicos</B></A></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (Spanish); Basque folk song or dance in 5/4 time with dotted rhythms; <I>use for</I> sortsiko, zorcico, zortciko, Zortziko. LCNAF no2011059296</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2>Zortziko</FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREf="#zortzico">zortzico</A>.</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>Zwiefacher/Zwiefache</B> </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <B>TYPE</B> (German); a German folk dance with regular alternation between duple and triple meter. LCNAF nr2006005717</FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> Zwischenakt </FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> (German); <I>use</I> <A HREF="#intermezzo">intermezzo</A>. </FONT> <P> <DT> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>Zwischenspiel/Zwischenspiele</B></FONT> <DD> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2><B>TYPE</B> (German) LCCN 86-753796.</FONT> <P> </DL> <P ALIGN=Justify> <FONT FACE="Verdana" Size=2> <A HREF="#toc">Return to Table of Contents</A> <HR> Last revised March 12, 2013.<BR> Comments to Michelle Koth (<A HREF="mailto:michelle.koth@yale.edu">michelle.koth@yale.edu</A>), Catalog Librarian, Yale University Music Library (203) 432-0494&nbsp;FAX (203) 432-7339</FONT> </BODY></HTML>