Selected online reference tools

Dictionaries & grammars

Search the Yale database list for German dictionaries

Search Orbis by LC Subject Heading, for example:

• German language --Dictionaries --English.
• Dictionaries --German-English.
• Literature --Dictionaries --Polyglot.

German-English Dictionary - a fast and simple dictionary.

LEO English/German Dictionary

Yourdictionary.com - an index of numerous language dictionaries.

Yourdictionary.com: Grammars - collection of resources for numerous languages.

Projekt Deutscher Wortschatz - a comprehensive dictionary of the German language, indicating frequency of use, grammatical notes, usage.

Fachwörterbuch Wirtschaft, Handel und Finanzen - offered by Süddeutsche Zeitung/Langenscheidt. English to German only.

Encyclopedias

Search the Yale database list for German encyclopedias

Search Orbis by LC Subject Heading, for example

• German literature --Encyclopedias.
• Germany --Intellectual life --20th century --Encyclopedias.
• Germany --Politics and government --1933-1945 --Encyclopedias.

Britannica Online (Yale only)

Wissen.de - A free reference tool that includes Wahrig dictionaries, grammars and translation devices as well as a searchable elementary encyclopedia.

Zedler Universallexicon - A major 18th-Century encyclopedia with a searchable index, made available by the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek.

Adelung Wörterbuch - Four volumes of an 1811 dictionary, available full-text.

Österreich-Lexikon - The free online version of a two-volume encyclopedia about all things Austrian, available in English and German.

Collections of reference materials

Bibliographischer Werkzeugkasten

German Studies Web Reference Shelf (WESSWeb)