The user will select the fields in which to search (any field, title, author, subject), specify the operator to use (CAN contain, MUST contain, MUST NOT contain), select the type of text to be entered (word(s) or phrase), and enter one or several words in the input box(es).

The user may add new rows to the three provided by clicking the "Add more fields" button.

The user may also choose to apply limits to the search based on language, location, format, date, and publisher.

Construct the keyword search command for Orbis as follows:

1. Begin with the characters "k=".
2. Take the text from the first input box which contains data.
3. Strip out punctuation (comma, semicolon, period) leaving a space between multiple words.
4. Append the field qualifier (".ti.", ".au.", ".su.") to each word if the user selects Title, Author, or Subject.
5. Add operators as required. Operators must have one space before and after.
   • If there is only one word, then there is no operator.
   • If the user has specified a phrase search, then insert the operator "adj" between the words in the input box.
   • If the user has selected "CAN contain" or "MUST contain" and a "word(s)" search type, insert the selected operator ("or", "and") between multiple words.
   • If the user has selected "MUST NOT contain" in this first input row, display an error message. The operator "MUST NOT contain" cannot be used unless an input row above it has a "MUST contain" or "CAN contain" specification.
   • Do NOT place an operator before the input text (i.e. immediately after the "k=").
6. Take the text from the next input box.
7. Process as above, except in this case insert the operator selected in this subsequent row BEFORE the input text and permit the use of the "not" operator.
8. Append this search string to the one constructed from the row above.
9. Continue until all search input rows have been processed.

Add Limits as follows:

1. The user may select any or all of the five limit types.
2. If text has been entered in the "Search For" section above, insert the specified operator before the first limit.
3. If only limits are specified by the user (nothing in "Search For"), then do not begin with an operator.
4. Using the table below, add the appropriate search element for the first limit selected by the user (e.g. "fre.lng." for French Language).
5. If the user selects multiple terms from a limit category, place them in parentheses separated by the operator "or" (e.g. "(fre or ger).lng." for both French and German).
6. Proceed to the next selected limit.
7. Add the selected operator and the search element for the selected limit(s).
8. For year of publication, add the selected operator and the input date.
9. For publisher, add the selected operator and the input text.

Orbis Keyword Search Syntax Table

Input Field	Input Selection / Value	Orbis Syntax
Search For:
Field	Any Field	NONE
	Title	.ti.
	Author	.au.
	Subject	.su.
Operator	CAN contain	or
	MUST contain	and
	MUST NOT contain	not
Type	the word(s)	and
	the phrase	adj
Limit By:
Operator	AND	and
	NOT	not
Language	All languages	NONE
	Arabic	ara.lng.
	Chinese	chi.lng.
	Czech	cze.lng.
	Danish	dan.lng.
	Dutch	dut.lng.
	English	eng.lng.
	Finnish	fin.lng.
	French	fre.lng.
	German	ger.lng.
	Greek, Ancient	grc.lng.
	Greek, Modern	gre.lng.
	Hebrew	heb.lng.
	Hungarian	hun.lng.
	Italian	ita.lng.
	Japanese	jpn.lng.
	Korean	kor.lng.
	Latin	lat.lng.
	Norwegian	nor.lng.
	Polish	pol.lng.
	Portuguese	por.lng.
	Romanian	rum.lng.
	Russian	rus.lng.
	Spanish	spa.lng.
	Swedish	swe.lng.
Location	All Libraries	NONE
	Arts Library	art.loc.
	Arts of the Book	aob.loc.
	Astronomy Library	ast.loc.
	Beinecke Rare Book Library	bein.loc.
	British Art Center	bac.loc.
	Chemistry Library	chem.loc.
	Classics Library	clas.loc.
	Cross Campus Library (CCL)	ccl.loc.
	Divinity Library	div.loc.
	Drama Library	dra.loc.
	Electronic Text Center	etc.loc.
	Engineering Library	engn.loc.
	Epidemiology and Public Health	eph.loc.
	Film Study Center	film.loc.
	Forestry Library	for.loc.
	Geology Library	geo.loc.
	Government Documents Center	gdc.loc.
	Internet Resources	int.loc.
	Judaica Collection	jud.loc.
	Kline Science Library	ksl.loc.
	Lewis Walpole Library	lwl.loc.
	Library Shelving Facility	lsf.loc.
	Manuscripts and Archives	mss.loc.
	Map Collection	map.loc.
	Math Library	math.loc.
	Medical Library	med.loc.
	Mudd Library	mudd.loc.
	Music Library	mus.loc.
	Near East Collection	nea.loc.
	Ornithology Library	orn.loc.
	Reference (all libraries)	ref.loc.
	Social Science Library	ssl.loc.
	Statistics Library	stat.loc.
	Sterling Memorial Library (SML)	sml.loc.
Format of Material	All Formats of Material	NONE
	Archives, Manuscripts	u.fmt.
	Books	b.fmt.
	Computer Files	d.fmt.
	Maps	p.fmt.
	Microformat	h.gmd.
	Musical Scores, Sound Recordings	m.fmt.
	-- Sound Recordings	s.gmd.
	Serials (including Journals)	s.fmt.
	Visual Materials	f.fmt.
	-- Video Recordings	v.gmd.
Year of Publication	No data entered	NONE
	Text entered	.yr.
Publisher or Place of Publication	No data entered	NONE
	Text entered	.pub.

EXAMPLES

Search For:

Example 1: A single word search

Field	Operator	Type	Input Text	Resulting Orbis Search
Subject	CAN contain MUST contain	the word(s) the phrase	vegetables	k=vegetables.su. (113 hits)

A search may be entered in any of the three rows.
The operator "MUST NOT contain" cannot be used unless an input row above it has a "MUST contain" or "CAN contain" specification. Display an error message if this condition occurs.

Example 2: An OR search with two words in the same input row

Field	Operator	Type	Input Text	Resulting Orbis Search
Subject	CAN contain	the word(s)	vegetables fruit	k=vegetables.su. or fruit.su. (603 hits)

Example 3: An AND search with two words in the same input row

Field	Operator	Type	Input Text	Resulting Orbis Search
Subject	MUST contain	the word(s)	vegetables fruit	k=vegetables.su. and fruit.su. (28 hits)

Example 4: Two words entered in two input rows

Field	Operator	Type	Input Text	Resulting Orbis Search
Subject	CAN contain MUST contain	the word(s) the phrase	vegetables
Subject	MUST NOT contain	the word(s)	fruit	k=vegetables.su. not fruit.su. (85 hits)

Example 5: Two author words in first row, two title words in second row

Field	Operator	Type	Input Text	Resulting Orbis Search
Author	MUST contain	the word(s)	shakespeare william
Title	MUST contain	the phrase	king lear	k=shakespeare.au. and william.au. and king adj lear.ti. (104 hits)

Limit By:

Example 6: A title search limited by locations

Field	Operator	Type	Input Text	Resulting Orbis Search
Title	MUST contain	the word(s)	seed
Location	AND		Forestry Library Kline Science Library	k=seed.ti. and (for or ksl).loc. (85 hits)

Multiple locations selected from the drop-down list should be placed in parentheses separated by the operator "or".

Example 7: A search for material in the serials format from a specific publisher

Field	Operator	Type	Input Text	Resulting Orbis Search
Format of Material	AND		Serials...
Publisher...	AND		oxford	k=s.fmt. and oxford.pub. (1022 hits)

Never begin an Orbis search with a Boolean Operator.

Example 8: An "Any Field" search for material on cathedrals in French or German

Field	Operator	Type	Input Text	Resulting Orbis Search
Any Field	MUST contain	the word(s)	cathedrals
Language	AND		French German	k=cathedrals and (fre or ger).lng. (123 hits)